Absract. The radiological impacts from radionuclide releases into Techa, and Yenisei Rivers in Russia are discussed. The dose assessments for human and natural biota are calculated using the methodology of multiple pathways of exposure. In the Mayak complex area the collective dose to the Techa River population during 19491956 was 6,200 man-Sv. The collective dose from radioactive discharges of...

background: with the introduction of computed tomography in diagnostic radiology a new and fundamentally different imaging modality has become available. meanwhile, it is clear that the absorbed doses by the patients during ct were relatively high in comparison with those of other diagnostic radiology techniques. the aim of this survey was to determine the average absorbed dose in yazd province...

Granular dynamics simulations have been carried out of vertical feed two-dimensional heap formation by a freefall method using a more realistic granule interaction law than has been employed in previous studies to permit prolonged contacts between adjacent granules. Stable heaps are found to form only on a geometrically rough base comprised of discrete particles, and heap formation is only weak...

Nowadays, the radiological risk from simple X-ray procedures is well known. The purpose of this work has been to estimate the population risk from digital angiographic and interventional procedures and to compare it with the one from simple procedures in the same population. The population risk has been estimated according to the following quantities: genetically significant dose, somatic signi...

A general framework is proposed for Bayesian model based designs of Phase I cancer trials, in which a general criterion for coherence (Cheung, 2005, Biometrika 92, 863-873) of a design is also developed. This framework can incorporate both "individual" and "collective" ethics into the design of the trial. We propose a new design that minimizes a risk function composed of two terms, with one rep...

The aim of this research work has been the estimation of the stochastic risk for five barium examinations. The sample was the population attending the Radiological Service of the 'Nuestra Señora de la Victoria' University Hospital, who had been treated with some barium examinations, set in five different groups: oesophagus tract, oesophagus-gastric-duodenal tract, intestinal tract, enteroclysis...

study of collective actions is related to some of the most important issues in contemporary sociology such as cooperation, collective decision making, emergence of social norms etc. this paper in four steps presents a framework for studying collective actions. these steps are related to characteristics of collective actions (cooperation and common good), factors effecting the emergence of colle...