objectives: stuttering is one of the most prevalent speech and language disorders. symptomology of stuttering has been surveyed from different aspects such as biological, developmental, environmental, emotional, learning and linguistic. previous researches in english-speaking people have suggested that some linguistic features such as word meanings may play a role in the frequency of speech non...

A conflict-avoiding code (CAC) C of length n and weight k is a collection of k-subsets of Zn such that Δ(x) ∩ Δ(y) = ∅ for any x, y ∈ C and x = y, where Δ(x) = {a − b : a, b ∈ x, a = b}. Let CAC(n, k) denote the class of all CACs of length n and weight k. A CAC C ∈ CAC(n, k) is said to be equi-difference if any codeword x ∈ C has the form {0, i, 2i, . . . , (k − 1)i}. A CAC with maximum size is...