Let P2(G) be defined as the probability that any two elements selected at random from the group G, commute with one another. If G is an Abelian group, P2(G) = 1, so our interest lies in the properties of the commutativity of nonAbelian groups. Particular results include that the maximum commutativity of a non-Abelian group is 5/8, and this degree of commutativity only occurs when the order of t...

In this work, we define the class preserving actor and commutativity degree of Lie crossed modules. Then, obtain some relations about these notions isoclinic

We compute commutativity degrees of wreath products A o B of finite abelian groups A and B . When B is fixed of order n the asymptotic commutativity degree of such wreath products is 1/n2. This answers a generalized version of a question posed by P. Lescot. As byproducts of our formula we compute the number of conjugacy classes in such wreath products, and obtain an interesting elementary numbe...

A general mechanism for "breaking" commutativity in algebras is proposed: if the underlying set taken to be not a crisp set, but rather an obscure/fuzzy membership function, reflecting degree of truth that element belongs can incorporated into commutation relations. The special "deformations" and $\varepsilon $-commutativity are introduced such way equal degrees result "nondeformed" case. We al...

In this paper, we compute the number of distinct centralizers some classes finite rings. We then characterize all rings with $n$ for any positive integer $n \le 5$. Further give connections between a ring and its commutativity degree.