Whereas practitioners in advertising and marketing clearly appreciate the importance of affect and emotion, traditional academic approaches to the analysis of persuasion tend to stress rational ‘‘central route’’ or ‘‘systematic’’ processing. However, the notion of two sorts of cognitive process—one rational, the other affective—has gained increasing support. This paper presents a view of the co...

Competitive interactions between cells are the basis of many homeostatic processes in biology. Some of the best-described cases of competition between cells occur in Drosophila: cell competition, whereby somatic cells within a growing epithelium compete with one another for contribution to the adult, and stem cell competition, in which germline or somatic stem cells vie for residency in the nic...

two species of the family colubridae were compared based on cranial osteology. the specimens were from kermanshah province (2010–2012). we compared the skulls of the two species and distinguished their differences. according to our study, eight elements of the skull are clearly different between the two species. these differences are speculated to relate to different diets, prey size or conclud...