Rodents immunized with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) are resistant to subsequent attempts to induce autoimmune disease, while animals immunized with incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) remain susceptible. Mycobacterial extracts can stimulate inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) gene transcription. Robust expression of NOS2 has been linked to suppression of T cell proliferation and alteratio...

Although adjuvants are important components of vaccines, few studies have been conducted to establish the criteria on adjuvant selection and to investigate mechanisms of adjuvant actions during vaccination. Here we found that complete Freund adjuvant (CFA) induced a CD11b cell population in a B-cell independent manner. This cell population exhibited strong ability to inhibit T-cell-mediated rej...

How strong adjuvants such as complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) promote T cell priming to protein antigens in vivo is still unclear. Since the unmethylated CpG motifs in DNA of bacteria and other nonvertebrates are stimulatory for B cells and antigen-presenting cells, the strong adjuvanticity of CFA could be attributed, at least in part, to the presence of dead bacteria, i.e., a source of stimula...

OBJECTIVES. Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in rats has been used widely as a model of rodent arthropathy and polyarthritis followed by osteoporosis, decreased bone formation and increased bone formation. Osteoporosis is characterized by rapid reduce of bone mass affecting more than 100 million people worldwide. Periodontitis a chronic inflammatory, of multifactorian origin d...

Intravenous injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) in rats has been proposed as an experimental model for pulmonary sarcoidosis, but only some animals develop granulomas. Because the detection of the presence of granulomas and evaluation of the extent of the reaction has required histological evaluation, this model has been of limited use in following the evolution of the granulomatous p...

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder is clinically important because of its prevalence, chronicity, and therapy-refractoriness of the pain. In this study, we investigated the effect of infliximab in a mouse model of TMJ pain using a specially-engineered transducer for evaluating the changes in bite force (BF). The mice were randomly divided into three groups (7 mice per group): the control gr...

The pathogenesis of human autoimmune disorders is incompletely understood. This has led to the development of numerous murine models in which the pathogenesis of autoimmunity can be probed and the efficacy of novel therapies can be tested. One of the most widely-used murine models of autoimmunity is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). To induce autoimmune pathology, mice are often ...

1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) is a phenylpropanoid present in Alpinia galanga (L) Willd syn. Languas galanga. The objective of this study was to isolate 1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) from acetone extract of Alpinia galanga (AEAG) and evaluate anti-arthritic activity of 1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) and acetone extract of Alpinia galanga (AEAG) on complete Freund’s Adjuvant-induced arth...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: NF-κB: Nuclear Factor Kappa-Light-ChainEnhancer of Activated B Cells; NO: Nitric Qxide; TNF-α: Tumor Necrosis Factor α; IL-1β: Interleukin-1β; RA: Rheumatoid Arthritis; IBD: Inflammatory Bowel Disease; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; IKK-1: Inhibitor of Kappa B Kinase; ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species; INOS: Inducible Nitric ...