Composting is the most adaptable and fruitful method for managing biodegradable solid wastes; it a crucial agricultural practice that contributes to recycling farm wastes. profitable various plant, animal, synthetic wastes, from residential bins large corporations. waste management (AWM) practices flourish in developing countries, especially Pakistan. has advantages over other AWM practices, su...

Food waste is a serious global issue, and one way to reduce the impact of food by composting. Sandwich compost type fermented created with microbial fermentation; meanwhile, composting leachate provides nutrients for plants. Studies have shown that seed germination may be enhanced when treated sandwich leachate. Furthermore, few studies been on used priming. The objective this study was determi...

background: leachatecontaining high levels of organic pollution with ammonia, halogenatedhydrocarbons, heavy metals and inorganic salts. among the various methods fortreating leachate, has been developed membrane processes so that a morebiological process of membrane processes is used for separation of solid -liquid. the aimof this study was to evaluate the efficiency of membrane bioreactor eff...

There is a growing interest in management of MSW through micro-treatment of organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW) in many cities of India. The OFMSW fraction is high (>80%) in many pockets within South Indian cities like Bangalore, Chikkamagalur, etc. and is largely represented by vegetable, fruit, packing and garden wastes. Among these, the last three have shown problems for easy ...

Recycled compost leachate (RCL or euphemistically named "goody water") can be a potent source of foul odor on mushroom substrate production sites and contributes to composting smells. A complex mixture of sulfur compounds, fatty acids, and nitrogen containing compounds is responsible for odor production. Fifty samples, collected from 14 compost production sites in Ireland and the U.K. over a 2 ...

Despite recent increases in recycling, composting, and incineration, the sanitary landfill remains the predominant and most economical municipal solid waste (MSW) management alternative. Modern MSW landfills strive to optimize the design, construction, and operation processes in order to mitigate many of the potentially negative impacts, and improve the profitability. The bioreactor landfill (B...

The humic substance consists of acid, fulvic and humin. Humic acid is a useful metal complexing agent, good dispersant, redox agent. showed an auxin-like activity thus promoted root growth development. It positively affected soil’s physical, chemical, biological properties. Hence, indirectly improved plant by chelating nutrients to the plant. However, converted carcinogen compounds in chlorinat...