History and Epidemiology Historically, noma is a disease of extreme poverty and malnourishment, reported throughout history in Asia, Europe, South America, and Africa [1,3,4]. It was described by Hippocrates [5] and found in German and Japanese concentration camps during World War II [1,6]. Infection occurs mostly in children, although it has been described in neonates, adults, and the chronica...

I want to give a brief account of results which have been communicated to me and which have been obtained by two young geometers, Eri Jabotinsky and Michel Liintz. Mr. Liintz is unhappily in a concentration camp in France. I must add that this is one of the reasons for the fact, for which I must apologize, that I am writing this exposé only now, although I have had both works in my possession f...

The International Year of Chemistry series finishes with this article. Over a period of a year, the 11 previous articles have provided historical and contemporary glimpses into the field. They have also discussed different aspects of chemistry’s complex structure as a major field of science. Early chemistry evolved from metallurgy (1 ) and alchemy-turned-pharmacy (2, 3 ), and from its very earl...

To understand how environmental factors contribute to fertility or infertility in humans, it is first necessary to define environment. A view that will guide this review is that environment represents the "external milieu," analogous to the well-defined concept of "internal milieu" first introduced by Claude Bernard. Within this context, the environment provides both positive and adverse influe...

Contemporary research ethics policies started with reflection on the atrocities perpetrated upon concentration camp inmates by Nazi doctors. Apparently, as a consequence of that experience, the policies that now guide human subject research focus on the protection of human subjects by making informed consent the centerpiece of regulatory attention. I take the choice of context for policy design...

Even though, since the 1970s,Auschwitz has eclipsed Dachau as the most widely recognized symbol of Nazi atrocities, the Dachau concentration camp museum remains by far the most visited original site associated with Nazi Germany. With the annual number of visitors rising from ca. 100,000 in the early 1950s to peak at just under 1 million in the late 1980s, the Dachau memorial site museum ranks a...

More than 20 years have passed since the American-Israeli medical sociologist Aaron Antonovsky introduced his salutogenic theory 'sense of coherence' as a global orientation to view the world, claiming that the way people view their life has a positive influence on their health. Sense of coherence explains why people in stressful situations stay well and even are able to improve their health. T...

To put it very simply, Dr. Storr's message is this: aggression is something we cannot eradicate, but must learn to control. Without it, the human species could not exist; because of it, the human species faces extinction. Without it, the individual human being would be reduced to nothingness; because of it, he may inflict appalling suffering on himself and others of his kind. Granting Dr. Storr...