the concept of coordination in supply chain management is different from the viewpoint of the roles of this chain and this difference causes more uncoordination at the entire of the supply chain. hence, regarding to the importance of this subject at the performance of supply chain, the clarification of the coordination concept as a casual model seems very necessary. in this research, the cognit...

Concept maps can be generated manually or automatically. It is important to recognize differences of the two types of concept maps. The automatically generated concept maps are dynamic, interactive, and full of associations between the terms on the maps and the underlying documents. Through a specific concept mapping system, Visual Concept Explorer (VCE), this paper discusses how automatically ...

We propose the traditional approach to data modeling (using the Entity Relationship model) be augmented with concept maps. A data model can begin as a concept map and if the concept mapper chooses linking phrases carefully the transformation of a concept map to an ER model is facilitated. We propose a set of linking phrases to accommodate many aspects of ER modeling. Students benefit, in genera...

Requirements play an important role in software engineering, but their perceived usefulness means that they often fail to be properly maintained. Traceability is often considered a means for motivating and maintaining requirements, but this is difficult without a better understanding of the requirements themselves. Sensemaking techniques help us get this understanding, but the representations n...

Although concept maps have been found to be effective in science education research, these are critiqued for being informal due to informal usage of relation and attribute names thereby resulting in ambiguity. Refined concept mapping, a development over the regular concept mapping is an approach towards introducing rigor and parsimony in representing knowledge. The method proposed suggests to s...