INTRODUCTION The incidence of condylar fractures is high. Condylar fractures can be extracapsular (condylar neck or subcondylar) or intracapsular, undisplaced, deviated, displaced or dislocated. Treatment depends on the age of the patient, the co-existence of other mandibular or maxillary fractures, whether the condylar fracture is unilateral or bilateral, the level and displacement of the frac...

background: a rare and devastating complication following anterior cruciate ligament (acl) revision reconstruction is femoral fracture.    case presentation: a 35-year old male soccer player with a history of acl tear from the previous year ago, who underwent arthroscopic acl reconstruction and functioned well until another similar injury caused acl re-rupture. revision of acl reconstruction wa...

BACKGROUND Mandibular displacement is a common complication of condylar fracture. In the mandibular displacement due to condylar fracture, it is difficult to restore both esthetics and function without using orthognathic surgery. CASE DESCRIPTION This clinical report described a full mouth rehabilitation in the patient with bilateral condylar fractures and displaced mandible using bilateral s...

Trauma is the predominant causal factor for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis. However, the relationship between condylar fracture and TMJ ankylosis is complicated. It is believed that post-traumatic TMJ ankylosis arises from TMJ intracapsular changes, including damaged cartilage, displaced or disrupted discs, haematoma formation and subsequent fibrosis and calcification in the joint. In ...

background: intra-articular t- type or y- type fractures of the distal end of the humerus are relatively rare, and consequently few surgeons will be able to attain extensive experience with the surgical treatment of these injuries. the current emphasis is on operative intervention with rigid internal fixation and early mobilization. methods: in this prospective and retrospective study, we revie...

Fracture of mandible can be classified according to its anatomical location, in which condylar fracture is the most common one overall and is missed on clinical examination. Due to the unique geometry of the mandible and temporomandibular joint, without treatment the fractures can result in marked pain, dysfunction, and deformity. The condylar fracture may be further classified depending on the...

The treatment of condylar process fractures has generated a great deal of discussion and controversy in oral and maxillofacial trauma and there are many different methods to treat this injury. For each type of condylar fracture, the techniques must be chosen taking into consideration the presence of teeth, fracture height, patient's adaptation, patient's masticatory system, disturbance of occlu...

The mandibular condyle region which protects the middle cranial fossa from facial and jaw traumas has an excellent osteomuscular structure. Condylar structures reduce or limit the force of trauma. Most importantly, the condylar neck is the weakest part of the mandible and is easily fractured without dislocation. Generally, this mechanism prevents condylar penetration into the middle cranial fos...

the aim of this study was to present and review retromandibular anteroparotid approach and to evaluate its efficacy and safety in reduction and fixation of subcondylar fractures. materials and methods : in the period between january 2013 to february 2014, 10 patients with the age range of 17 to 41 years with a diagnosis of subcondylar fracture at sina general hospital, iran, underwent open trea...

background: this is to assess one of the rare complications after total knee replacement and to assess risk factors of failure.methods: 11 patients with varus knee and an average age of 67 years underwent tka between 2005 and 2013. all patients returned with a sudden sharp knee pain, disability to walk and significant decrease in rom about 4 to 8 weeks after surgery. radiographic examination re...