background: potassium, as an extracellular ion, plays an important role in the electrophysiologic function of the myocardium and any change in extracellular concentration of this ion might have a marked impression upon myocyte electrophysiologic gain. high serum potassium levels are thought to impair pulse conduction in purkinje fibers and ventricles more than that in the atrioventricular (av) ...

ellis-van creveld syndrome is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. this syndrome is accompanied in 60% of cases with congenital heart disease, mostly single atrium or large asd. patients are mostly symptomatic, but in this rare case despite 68 years of age, the patient was free of symptoms except for complete heart block for which pacemaker was inserted

Congenital heart block (CHB) is the most severe manifestation of neonatal lupus which can develop into a lethal atrioventricular (AV) block. Complete congenital foetal heart block related to maternal anti-Ro/SSA autoanti-bodies typically develops between 20 and 24 weeks of gestation. CHB with a structurally normal heart is frequently associated with maternal autoantibodies to Ro/SSA and La/SSB....

Congenital complete heart block could be absolutely asymptomatic. Increased awareness of suspecting an atrioventricular heart block in patients with slow heart rate and electrocardiograph examination will ensure recognition of this problem. The possibility of sudden cardiac death in these patients should not be forgotten. The goal in the peri-operative anaesthetic management is to preserve the ...