The ‘twiddler syndrome’ is a rare condition (incidence reported below 0.1%), which occurs when a patient, either consciously or unconsciously, rotates or “twiddles” the implanted pacemaker or ICD in its pocket, resulting in torsion, dislodgement, and often fracture of the pacing lead [1]. The diagnosis is confirmed by a chest radiograph which reveals a twisted, entangled, and dislodged pacing l...

T he “reformer” is defined as an individual or group who consciously or unconsciously changed the structure or ideology of any facet of the medical profession, significantly affecting the life and health of our society. The reformers who were selected throughout the history of medicine were usually talented persons who introduced innovation in medical research or medical philosophy. Their disco...

Although high-functioning individuals with autistic disorder (i.e. autism and Asperger syndrome) are of normal intelligence, they have life-long abnormalities in social communication and emotional behaviour. However, the biological basis of social difficulties in autism is poorly understood. Facial expressions help shape behaviour, and we investigated if high-functioning people with autistic di...

Observers consciously prefer Mondrian’s paintings in their original orientation compared with a rotated position—the “oblique effect” (Latto, Brain, & Kelly, 2000). However, this finding’s premise, that all vertical–horizontal orientations of the thick black lines in Mondrian’s oeuvre are preferred, overlooks the fact that the overall balance of these images is also altered when they are reorie...

the matter of meaning in place, is one of the main qualities of human life. people consciously or unconsciously looking for meanings in places. the importance of finding the meaning of place is that, understanding the meaning will lead to “act” in place. finding the place friendly, or finding it insecure will lead to act differently. now the question is that, is the meaning of place, something ...

User-interface metaphors are not well understood in terms of their relationships and qualities. They are, however, constantly used both consciously and unconsciously in most user-interface designs. This paper demonstrates a taxonomic classification and analysis of the user-interface metaphors in the Microsoft Office Project Gallery. The classification offers insight both into the nature of the ...

This paper aims at analyzing phonological representation of connective words frequently used in Gouyu and Taiwan Min. Based on 180-mintue spontaneous speech in Gouyu and Taiwan Min, it is found that speakers tend to use connective words quite often to link phrases or sentences either consciously or unconsciously. Thus, following the labeling of the ToBI system, this study will focuses on phonol...

Our experience in the process control business started consciously in 1990 and probably unconsciously before. When we started, the CMM model from the Software Engineering Institute was available to the public and we used it as the basis for development of a methodology for software measurementl. In late 1993, we noticed some interest among our customers in Europe for process improvement; analys...

Here we present a modal logic that emerged when considering the interactions of awareness and knowledge. Whereas knowledge is described by those propositions that are true in every world the agent considers possible, awareness is described by the propositions that the agent perceives as either true or false, in any world. As such, we can model an agent who ignores the existence of a proposition...