My paper discusses system consequence, which is a central idea in the project to lift the theory of information flow to the general level of universal logic and the theory of institutions. At the same time, it uses ideas from information flow to extend the theory of institutions. ICCS 2009, 26–31 July 2009 System Consequence Table of

Introduction Whenever one asserts a claim of any kind, one engages in a commitment not just to that claim itself, but to a variety of other claims that follow in its wake, claims that, as we tend to say, follow logically from the original claim. To say that Smith and Jones are both great basketball players is to say something from which it follows that Smith is a great basketball player, that s...

The aim of this note is rst to set up some general theory for discussing diierent aspects of the notion of a logic and then to draw attention to the schematic aspects of logic and suggest a way of capturing this aspect without making any commitment to the kind of syntax a logic should have.

The proof of correctness and completeness of a logical calculus w.r.t. a given semantics can be read as telling us that the tautologies (or, more generally, the relation of consequence) specified in a model-theoretic way can be equally well specified in a proof-theoretic way, by means of the calculus (as the theorems, resp. the relation of inferability of the calculus). Thus we know that both f...

Two-dimensional semantics is a formal framework used to characterize the meaning of sentences and sub-sentential expressions and distinguished by the view according to which the extension of an expression depends on two dimensions. Contextual philosophical interpretations of that framework intend to capture how the extension of an expression depends on context. These interpretations have been a...

By mimicking the standard definition for a formal language, we define what it is natural language to be compact. We set out valid English argument none of whose finite subarguments valid. consider one by objections argument's logical validity and then dismiss them. The conclusion that English—and any other with capacity express argument—is not This rules large class logics as correct foundation...