Worked examples are instructional devices that provide an expert's problem solution for a learner to study. Worked-examples research is a cognitive-experimental program that has relevance to classroom instruction and the broader educational research community. A framework for organizing the findings of this research is proposed, leading to instructional design principles. For instance, one inst...

Literature Review This section of the paper provides a critical overview of the current state of research in the area of problem-based learning. The section begins with a brief review of the current understanding of problem solving as a cognitive process, and the need for research on the teaching and learning of problem solving. This is followed by an overview of the definition and design attri...

A central argument of this paper is that there is a common basis for the failure of many instructional systems. The claim is that these deficiencies in the outcomes of learning are strongly influenced by underlying biases and assumptions in the design of instruction which represent the instructional domain and its associated performance demands in an unrealistically simplified and well-structur...

In order to design information retrieval (IR) learning environments and instruction, it is important to explore learners' conceptions of the domain to be examined. This study addresses the issue by investigating students' conceptions of IR know-how and its implications for designing learning environments for information retrieval. The focus of this study is the integration of research on IR ins...

This article discusses technology integration literature used to guide the design and implementation of a technology professional development intervention (TPDI) for secondary education teachers. Qualitative multiple-case research methods were used to examine teachers’ perceptions of the TPDI factors to provide a deeper understanding of which factors teachers’ perceived to be beneficial to the ...

This study investigates student teachers’ opinions about learning “instructional technology and material preparation” subjects in a hypermedia-based constructivist learning context. A qualitative case study design was employed. The students of one classroom were the focus of an in-depth investigation by means of interviews, which were designed to elicit these students’ perceptions concerning th...

The Internet offers distance education an opportunity to augment the traditional methods, content and strategies of teaching and learning yielding to the development of innovative learning environments. In this paper we concentrate on the design of learning activities and aids in adaptive learning environments. In particular, we present learning activities and aids that reflect two alternative ...

Constructivism is a learning theory that states that people learn by actively constructing their own knowledge, based on prior knowledge. A significant number of ICT-based constructivist learning systems have been proposed in recent years. According to our analysis, those systems exhibit only a few constructivist principles, and a critical problem related to the design and use of this kind of s...

This study investigates the implementation of an Interactive Whiteboard (IWB) professional development program on instructional practices of elementary teachers. The research assesses to what extent teachers implement IWB-related strategies (e.g., technology-pedagogy correspondence, interactivity types, teaching-learning mode, differentiated learning, student-centered learning, multimedia princ...