Each system has its own definition of reliability. Reliability in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET) could be interpreted as, the probability of reaching a message from a source node to destination, successfully. The variability and volatility of the MANET configuration makes typical reliability methods (e.g. reliability block diagram) inappropriate. It is because, no single structure or configurat...

discrimination between iron deficiency (ida) anemia and β-thalassemia trait (β-tt) is a time consuming and costly problem. because, they have approximate similar effects on routine blood test indices, in some cases, the complementary tests, which are expensive and time consuming, would be needed for differentiate the anemia. complete blood count (cbc) is a fast, inexpensive, and accessible medi...

Legacy conferences are costly and time consuming, exclude scientists lacking various resources or abilities. During the 2020 pandemic, we created an online conference platform, Neuromatch Conferences (NMC), aimed at developing technological cultural changes to make more democratic, scalable, accessible. We discuss lessons learned.

introduction: measuring tools in each study must be evaluated themselves. the goal of present study was designing, validating, and determining the reliability of some scales, which are used for measuring concepts of behavior change theory/models. materials & methods: this study was a descriptive one in which, at first literature review and need assessment were done. then designed tools were val...

soil hydraulic properties such as saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity play an important role in environmental research. since direct measurement of these soil hydraulic properties is time-consuming and costly, indirect methods such as pedotransfer functions and artificial neural networks (ann) were developed based on readily available parameters. in this study, the use of ann to pr...

The development of therapeutics is costly, time-consuming and has high attrition rates. Biopharmaceutical medications differ from traditional agents in their discovery, design, structure and formulation. Prior to marketing a drug must show efficacy and acceptable toxicity in both preclinical and clinical trials. Regulatory bodies have a pivotal role in the licensing, naming and marketing of an ...

The development of comprehensive accurate and well-organised technical documentation that demonstrates compliance with regulatory requirements is a resource-intensive, but critically important activity for medical device manufacturers. This article discusses guidance documents and method of organising technical documentation that may help avoid costly and time-consuming duplication.