The adverse effects of contaminated outdoor air have been recognized and subject to control for many years. More recently environmental engineers and health professionals have become cognizant of the hazards associated with contaminated indoor air. It is now understood that contaminated indoor air negatively impacts human health, worker productivity, and physical property. Volatile organic comp...

In Libby, Montana, over 70 years of mining amphibole-contaminated vermiculite has led to amphibole contamination in areas surrounding the abandoned mine and in other areas throughout the town. In addition to contaminated soils, tree bark has also been found to be contaminated with amphibole fibers throughout the Libby area. As residential woodstoves are the main source of home heating in Libby,...

Contaminated sediments contain a variety of volatile and semi-volatile hydrocarbons, which are released into the air, when these sediments are stored in confined disposal facilities (CDFs). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one class of sediment contaminants that of great interest, since they are carcinogenic and pose a significant health hazard. Hence quantitative data and models are...

Techniques have been devised for studying quantitatively the effects of air ions on microorganisms suspended in small drops. In smog-contaminated atmospheres moderate concentrations of positive and negative air ions exerted a protective effect on staphylococci by delaying the drop in pH customarily observed and by diminishing the rate of evaporation. In clean air higher concentrations of positi...

Bioventing has emerged as one of the most cost-effective in situ technologies available to address petroleum light-hydrocarbon spills, one of the most common sources of soil pollution. However, the major drawback associated with this technology is the extended treatment time often required. The present study aimed to illustrate how an intended air-injection bioventing technology can be transfor...

In this study, the survival of Salmonella, Campylobacter and Escherichia coli O157: H7, when exposed to a range of constant temperatures (47-60 degrees C), in hard or soft water, in the presence/absence of detergent (0-0.3%) and organic matter, and during drying, was investigated. Further experiments used a washing-up process simulation, where soiled dishes contaminated with bacteria were washe...

The use of biomass indoor Honai (traditional house) in Wamena have been conducted for several decades and become a traditional habit of Honai occupants. Since air temperature at night in Wamena Regency is cold the inhabitans burn the Kasuari woods to warm their body. As a result, they continuously inhale the Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and some contaminated air in Honai room...