While shape memory alloys (SMAs) have many actuation benefits, their frequencies are commonly restricted by slow cooling times caused by limitations in convective heat transfer. To increase the cooling speed and at the same time reduce excess power consumption from overheating, it is critical to understand the heat transfer from SMA wires. This requires accurate surface temperature measurement ...

BACKGROUND This pilot study in five healthy adult humans forms the pre-clinical assessment of the effect of a forced convective head cooling device on intracranial temperature, measured non-invasively by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). METHODS After a 10 min baseline with no cooling, subjects received 30 min of head cooling followed by 30 min of head and neck cooling via a hood and nec...

The thermal evolution of Earth is governed by the rate of secular cooling and the amount of radiogenic heating. If mantle heat sources are known, surface heat flow at different times may be used to deduce the efficiency of convective cooling and ultimately the temporal character of plate tectonics. We estimate global heat flow from 65 Ma to the present using seafloor age reconstructions and a m...

Loop thermosyphon is a simple and reliable device providing several times higher heat transfer than convectional coolers used in cooling electronic. The paper deals with the cooling of power electronic component by means of this device. The main object of the paper is design and construction of the device to provide heat removal from the electronic component. Paper describes function principle ...

A physical model of a linear flame front spreading over a pine needle fuel bed was developed in our previous work. The model agrees well with the experimental data on rate of fire spread (ROS) for lower slope angles, while the ROS values are overestimated under higher slope angles. This is possibly due to the overestimate of the radiative heating or underestimate of the convective cooling, caus...

Simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) cloud-resolving model of deep moist convective events reveal net cooling near the tropopause ( 15–18 km above ground), caused by a combination of large-scale ascent and small-scale cooling by the irreversible mixing of turbulent eddies overshooting their level of neutral buoyancy. The turbulent cooling occurred at all CAPE values inves...

Measurement of the heat loss from equipment in buildings is necessary in order to make accurate assessments of its impact on cooling loads. Recent advances in the design of buildings and improvement of the thermal characteristics of insulation materials and building envelope systems have significantly reduced the cooling load from external sources; however, the addition of various types of offi...

As semiconductor devices continuously get both smaller and faster, a profound analysis of the dynamic (time-dependent) thermal behaviour is becoming more and more important. In this article some basic concepts and numerical methods for thermal characterization in the frequency domain are explained. Two practical examples are given. First a simple model is presented for a small package mounted o...

If properly designed, terrestrial structures can passively cool themselves through radiative emission of heat to outer space. For the first time, we present a metal-dielectric photonic structure capable of radiative cooling in daytime outdoor conditions. The structure behaves as a broadband mirror for solar light, while simultaneously emitting strongly in the mid-IR within the atmospheric trans...