according to the iranian law, the international conventions should be passed by iranian parliament (majlis) and then confirmed by the guardian council for ensuring that they are constitutional and in conformity with islamic rules. the montreal convention for the unification of certain rules for international carriage by air is a significant advance over the warsaw system. in this article, we ...

Single convention convergence across different types of networks is a challenging multi-agent task. Our central hypothesis in this paper is that no simple distributed mechanism (such as the state-of-the-art Generalized Simple Majority (GSM) rule) can achieve this. We augment the agents with “network thinking” capability to solve this single convention convergence problem. Topological features s...

Mind: " By convention colour, by convention cold, by convention bitter: in reality atoms and void. " Senses: " Poor mind, do you take your evidence from us and then try to overthrow us? Our overthrow is your fall. " Democritus (460-370 BC)

1. Migratory species are generally more at risk of becoming endangered than nonmigratory ones because their habitat requirements are greater. As a result, many migratory species that were once common are becoming increasingly rare. All countries of the world share a responsibility to conserve this common natural heritage. It is axiomatic that the Convention supports Parties by encouraging the d...

The Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) was opened for signature on 10 April 1972 and entered into force on 26 March 1975 with the United Kingdom, the United States and the former Soviet Union as the depositary governments. The Convention is to eliminate biological weapons and prohibit their development, production, stockpiling, acquisition and retention. It has 15 articles. The init...

In this paper we describe an architecture of an artificial agent that is able to autonomously generate and rank its owngoals or intentions based on its motivations. We present an experiment conducted in a simulated environment with suchan agent.

In this essay I argue that one can understand the relationship between those who rule and those who are ruled in civil society as an implicit contractual relationship or contract by convention. I use variations of the extensive form Trust Game to summarize the structures of alternative forms of contracts, and apply these variations to model the relationship between the rulers and those under th...

Linguistic meaning is a convention. This article investigates how such conventions can arise for color categories in populations of simulated “agents.” The method uses concepts from evolutionary game theory: A language game where agents assign names to color patches is played repeatedly by members of a population. The evolutionary dynamics employed make minimal assumptions about agents’ percept...

The ways of modelling some of the most profound effects of emotion and arousal on cognition are discussed. Entropy reduction is used to measure quantitatively the learning speed in a cognitive model under different parameters’ conditions. It is noticed that some settings facilitate the learning in particular stages of problem solving more than others. The entropy feedback is used to control the...

This paper investigates the epistemic assumptions that David Lewis makes in his account of social conventions. In particular, I focus on the assumption that the agents have common knowledge of the convention to which they are parties. While evolutionary analyses show that the common knowledge assumption is unnecessary in certain classes of games, Lewis’ original account (and, more recently, Cub...