A well-represented description of convection in weather and climate models is essential since convective clouds strongly influence the climate system. Convective processes interact with radiation, redistribute sensible and latent heat and momentum, and impact hydrological processes through precipitation. Depending on the models’ horizontal resolution, the representation of convection may look v...

Solutions are obtained for convective regions in a continuously stratified, linearized primitive equation model using a smoothly posed moist convective adjustment parameterization of cumulus convection. In the approximation in which the convective adjustment time is fast compared to other processes, the vertical structure of the temperature field is constrained to be close to the quasi-equilibr...

We propose a new modelling framework suitable for the description of atmospheric convective systems as a collection of distinct plumes. The literature contains many examples of models for collections of plumes in which strong simplifying assumptions are made, a diagnostic dependence of convection on the large-scale environment and the limit of many plumes often being imposed from the outset. So...

Many problems in meteorology are being studied with the use of mesh reenement to focus computational eeort on particular regions within the domain. This paper presents a form of adaptive mesh reenement based on hierarchical reenement in space and time for studying atmospheric con-vection and other geophysical ows where the phenomena of interest occupy a small but spatially distributed fraction ...

Quantitative estimates of precipitation in a typical undisturbed trade wind region are derived from 2 months of radar reflectivity data and compared to the meteorological environment determined from soundings, surface flux, and airborne-lidar data. Shallow precipitation was ubiquitous, covering on average about 2% of the region and contributing to at least half of the total precipitation. Echo ...

The probabilistic bulk convection model (PBCM) developed in a companion paper is here extended to shallow nonprecipitating convection. The PBCMunifies the clear-sky and shallow convection boundary layer regimes by obtaining mixed-layer growth, cloud fraction, and convective inhibition from a single parameterization based on physical principles. The evolution of the shallow convection PBCM is ba...

Fast-moving squall lines observed in the tropical oceans are treated as a gravity wave generated by the latent heat release associated with deep cumulus convection. A simple two-dimensional diagnostic linear gravity wave model forced by a zonally propagating heat source is presented. The effect of cumulus friction, or momentum exchange due to cumulus convection, is included in the wave momentum...

a) The first purpose of this study is to elucidate the physical mechanisms underlying changes in hurricane structure and intensity, including rapid deepening and eyewall replacement cycles. Specifically, the role of cumulus convection and the atmospheric boundary layer in the evolution of outward-propagating Rossby wave disturbances and their interactions with a developing hurricane is being in...