In present times, there has been a substantial endeavor to generalize the classical notion of iterated function system (IFS). We introduce new type non-linear contraction namely cyclic Meir-Keeler contraction, which is generalization famous Banach contraction. show existence and uniqueness fixed point for Using this result, we propose IFS in literature construction fractals. Furthermore, extend...

We correct the proof of Theorem 6 in the letter ‘‘Fixed point theory for cyclic weak φ-contraction’’ [E. Karapınar, Fixed point theory for cyclic weak φ-contraction, Appl. Math. Lett. 24 (6) (2011) 822–825]. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) activates protein kinase B (also known as Akt), which phosphorylates and activates a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 3B. Increases in cyclic nucleotide concentrations inhibit agonist-induced contraction of vascular smooth muscle. Thus we hypothesized that the PI3-kinase/Akt pathway may regulate vascular smooth muscle tone. In unstimulated, intact b...

1. The contractile response to nitric oxide (NO) in ral ileal myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle strips was pharmacologically analysed. 2. NO (10(-7) M) induced only contraction while 10(-6) M NO induced contraction followed by relaxation. Methylene blue (up to 10(-4) M) did not affect the NO-induced contractions but significantly reduced the relaxation evoked by 10(-6) M NO. Administration o...

The effects of tiropramide hydrochloride on Ca(2+)-induced contraction, cytoplasmic free Ca2+ levels and tissue cyclic AMP concentrations were investigated to elucidate the mechanisms of its antispasmodic action in the isolated detrusor from rats. Tiropramide inhibited the Ca2+ (3 mM)-induced contractions of the isolated urinary bladder depolarized in a Ca(2+)-free medium, and the IC50 value wa...

background: surface electromyography (semg) of muscles is a non-invasive tool that can be helpful in the assessment of muscle function and some motor control evaluations. a loss of force, known as muscle fatigue is accompanied by changes in muscle electrical activity. one of the most commonly used surface emg parameters which reflects paraspinal muscle fatigue during different tasks and positio...

In this work, we give a partial positive answer to the question concerning set-valued quasicontraction proposed by Amini-Harandi (Appl. Math. Lett. 24:1791-1794 2011). By useful lemma, prove fixed point theorem for quasi-contraction, which extends range of contraction constant in result from [0, 1/2) 1/3? 3). Also, new simple proof quasi-contraction type Haghi et al. 25:843-846 2012). Finally, ...

The phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid at 100 nM slowly but completely inhibited high K(+)-induced contraction in the rat aorta (t1/2 = 118.9 min). High K(+)-induced contraction was partially inhibited (to 37-65%) by 1 microM forskolin, 100 microM dibutyryl cyclic AMP, 100 nM atrial natriuretic peptide, 1 microM nitroglycerin, 10 nM sodium nitroprusside, 300 pM nicardipine or 100 nM verapamil. ...

Activation of cyclic nucleotide-dependent signaling pathways leads to relaxation of bovine carotid artery smooth muscle contractions and is associated with increased phosphorylation of the small heat shock-related protein (HSP20). Previous reports have shown that human umbilical artery smooth muscle is uniquely resistant to cyclic nucleotide-dependent relaxation, and HSP20 is not phosphorylated...