Through implementation of its 2000 pharmaceutical reform, the South Korean government expected to reduce the cost of medications and improve service levels, medical appropriateness of care, and drug effectiveness. However, despite the reform's lofty goals, unintended consequences have distorted the supply of medical services and spending. These consequences have included increasing the use of u...

Using annual data from 1997–2014 of 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions, subdividing trended and cyclical volatility of macroeconomics and inflation, considering different indicators of financial development and financial structure, this paper investigated the impact of financial development and financial structure on macroeconomic volatility. The empirical results found that (...

the adrenal gland of notopterus notopterus (pallas) consisted of interrenal and chromaffin cells, distributed around the main branches of posterior cardinal vein in most anterior part of the pronephric kidney. seasonal histological characteristics of the interrenal and chromaffin cells in relation to testicular activity of n. notopterus were studied by adopting different staining techniques. th...

ABSTRACT The purpose of this article was to develop a new indicator estimate the aggregate long-term expected return on stocks. There is not widely used method model directly aggregated stock market. Most current methods use indirect approaches. We developed that does need an econometric generate returns and provides returns. proposed methodology can be future market similar yield-to-maturity f...

In 2022, Indonesia was rife with cases of investment fraud. SWI (Investment Alert Task Force) revealed that three main factors made many people entangled in illegal investments: the nature wanting to get rich suddenly, recklessness, and lack public financial literacy. Hence, awareness potential for fraud still minimal. The purpose this study analyze effect profitability, liquidity, capital stru...

The ability of a business to effectively allocate resources from the primary line and gain income by its financial performance. aim study for examine impact company’s age, capital structure, size, advertising ratio, intellectual on Research populations this involved consumer non-cyclical companies listed Indonesian stock exchange period 2018 2020. sample was determined using objective sampling ...