The cellular basis of cystic fibrosis (CF) is a defect in a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-activated chloride channel (CF transmembrane conductance regulator) in epithelial cells that leads to decreased chloride ion transport and impaired water transport across the cell membrane. This study investigated whether it was possible to activate the defective chloride channel in cystic fibrosis...

4 Fanen P, Ghanem N, Vidaud M, et al. Molecular characterization of cystic fibrosis: 16 novel mutations identified by analysis of the whole cystic fibrosis conductance transmembrane regulator (CFTR) coding regions and splice site junctions. Genomics 1992;13:770-6. 5 Ferec C, Audrezet MP, Mercier B, et al. Detection of over 98% cystic fibrosis mutations in a Celtic population. Nat Genet 1992;1: ...

The universal conductance fluctuations (UCFs), one of the most important manifestations of mesoscopic electronic interference, have not yet been demonstrated for the two-dimensional surface state of topological insulators (TIs). Even if one delicately suppresses the bulk conductance by improving the quality of TI crystals, the fluctuation of the bulk conductance still keeps competitive and diff...