A Czochralski-grown single crystal of GAGG:Ce,Mg allows for a high Ce dopant and Mg codopant concentration in the crystal, resulting acceleration scintillation decay down to several nanoseconds at expense light yield.

This work proposes a control configuration and a nonlinear multivariable model-based feedback controller for the reduction of thermal gradients inside the crystal in the Czochralski crystal growth process after the crystal radius has reached its final value. Initially, a mathematical model which describes the evolution of the temperature inside the crystal in the radial and axial directions and...

Yttrium calcium oxoborate (YCOB) and Nd:YCOB crystals of high optical quality and large dimension have been grown by the Czochralski method. Measurements of refractive indices have confirmed that these crystals were negative biaxial. The absorption spectra were determined and the various spectrum parameters were calculated. Polarized absorption spectra revealed the strong anisotropic character ...

Modeling of heat transfer is presented for the entire Czochralski Si-growth furnace. The axisymmetric steady-state approach with moving computational grids is used. Melt turbulent flow, inert gas flow, heat transfer in solid parts, and radiative heat transfer in the system are considered. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations written with the Boussinesq approximation and the energy equa...

We have processed pin-diodes and strip detectors on nand p-type high-resistivity silicon wafers grown by magnetic Czochralski method. The Czochralski silicon (Cz-Si) wafers manufactured by Okmetic Oyj have nominal resistivity of 900O cm and 1.9 kO cm for nand p-type, respectively. The oxygen concentration in these substrates is slightly less than typically in wafers used for integrated circuit ...

A free surface problem arising in the Czochralski (CZ) crystal growth process is considered. A mathematical model accounting for the interaction of the molten material with applied and induced magnetic fields, temperature-induced convection, rotating boundaries and a free surface is given. The model described avoids some common simplifying assumptions and allows for more general geometries, and...

Attempts to grow terbium aluminium garnet (Tb3Al5O12, TAG) by the Czochralski method lead to crystals of millimeter scale. Larger crystals could not be obtained. DTA measurements within the binary system showed that TAG melts incongruently at 1840 ◦C. The perovskite (TbAlO3, TAP) with a congruent melting point of 1930 ◦C is the most stable phase in this system. The region for primary crystalliz...

für Naturforschung in cooperation with the Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Dieses Werk wurde im Jahr 2013 vom Verlag Zeitschrift für Naturforschung in Zusammenarbeit mit der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. digitalisiert und unter folgender Lizenz veröffentlicht: Creative Commons Namen...