Cet article tente de retracer l’histoire la ville Harar avant le milieu du XVIe siècle et fin sultanat Barr Saʿd ad-Dīn. L’étude s’appuie sur les rares mentions dans documentation médiévale données archéologiques récentes. Elle montre que, contrairement à ce que proposent traditions orales depuis XIXe siècle, ne devient un centre urbain, économique religieux qu’à partir début lorsque nouvelle c...

dār al-funūn is the first center for systematic modern science education and new military training in iran. as far as the military disciplines are concerned, theoretical and practical training of the steudents, as well as troops and officers, authoring and translating books on military disciplines, regular examinations and upbringing a generation of students in new military tactics are the most...

Dinî referanslarla bazı Müslümanların küfrüne hükmetmeyi ifade eden tekfir söylemi, Hz. Peygamber sonrası dönemlerde yaşanan siyasî kargaşalarda ortaya çıkmış ve asırlar boyunca bir ötekileştirme, İslam dışına itme bazen de şiddete başvurma aracı olarak kullanılır hale gelmiştir. Sıffîn savaşında hakem olayı sebebiyle Ali’nin ordusu içerisinden çıkan Hâricîlerin, temelsiz iddialarla başta Ali M...

the first part of the paper describes the persian translation of naṣīr al-dīn al-ṭūsī’s taḥrīr kitāb uqlīdis by quṭb al-dīn al-shīrāzī, with a primary focus on his appendix to book i. part of a larger encyclopedic collection, al-shīrāzī’s translation continued to be read for centuries. as evidence of the work’s influence, al-shīrāzī’s appendix to book i was included in a nineteenth century prin...