This work investigates whether the scale-up to multi-animal exposures that is commonly applied in genomics studies provides equivalent toxicity outcomes to single-animal experiments of standard Daphnia magna toxicity assays. Specifically, we tested the null hypothesis that intraspecific interactions (ISI) among D. magna have neither effect on the life history strategies of this species, nor imp...

Recent technological advancement has enabled the emergence of lipidomics as an important tool for assessing molecular stress, one which has yet to be assessed fully as an approach in an environmental toxicological context. Here we have applied a high-resolution, non-targeted, nanoelectrospray ionisation (nESI) direct infusion mass spectrometry (DIMS) technique to assess the effects of oxidative...

The assumption of the individual effective dose is the basis for the probit method used for analyzing dose or concentration-response data. According to this assumption, each individual has a uniquely innate tolerance expressed as the individual effective dose (IED) or the smallest dose that is sufficient to kill the individual. An alternative to IED, stochasticity suggests that individuals do n...

We investigated the role of filament length of the toxic cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii on the grazing of Daphnia magna by providing different food mixtures. It was hypothesized that longer C. raciborskii filaments would reduce the clearance rates of D. magna more than shorter ones. Also, C. raciborskii was expected to have a stronger negative impact on the grazing of larger anim...

OBJECTIVES An ecofriendly alternative to chemical pesticides is bio-pesticides, which are derived from natural sources. The interest in bio-pesticides is based on the disadvantages associated with chemical pesticides. METHODS We conducted acute toxicity assessments of camphor, a major component of bio-pesticides, by using Daphnia magna (D. magna) as well as assessed the morphological abnormal...

Increased productivity due to nutrient enrichment is hypothesized to affect density-dependent processes, such as transmission success of horizontally transmitting parasites. Changes in nutrient availability can also modify the stoichiometry and condition of individual hosts, which may affect their susceptibility for parasites as well as the growth conditions for parasites within the host. Conse...

D. Cosco, S. Bulotta, D. Paolino and M. Fresta 1 Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia”of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta” Building of BioSciences, Viale S. Venuta, I-88100 Germaneto Catanzaro, Italy 2 IRC FSHInterregional Research Center for Food Safety & Health, University “Magna Græcia”of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta” Building of BioSciences, Viale ...

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2) are the world's second most widely consumed nanomaterial and large quantities of this material enters the aquatic ecosystem annually. Therefore, understanding the effects of nTiO2 on aquatic organisms is very important. The present study used Daphnia magna as a model freshwater organism and Pontogammarus maeoticus as a brackish water organism to evaluate s...

Recently nanoparticles, particularly silver nanoparticles, are broadly used in industry, hence the contamination of the environment with AgNPs has caused considerable concern. In this study, the toxicity of biosynthetic nanosilver produced by two macroalgae: Sargassum boveanum and Ulva flexuosa extracts were compared with chemical nanosilver in Daphnia magna. Size and quality of nanoparticles e...

Background: Phenol and nitrophenol are common compounds found in different types of industrial wastewater known as serious threats to human health and natural environment. In this study, Daphnia magna was used to evaluate the effectiveness of "baffle fixes film up flow sludge blanket filtration" (BFUSBF) system in elimination of phenolic compounds from water. Methods: D. magna cult...