Direct counting techniques, first developed for aquatic samples, can be used to enumerate bacteria in soil and groundwater sediments. Two fluorescent dyes, 5-cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride (CTC) for actively respiring bacteria and 4(prm1),6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) for total bacteria, were tested for their usefulness in epifluorescent direct bacterial enumeration in soil. Both dy...

The DNA in isolated chloroplasts was visualized by the fluorescent probe 4'6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). When excited with light of 360 nm, the DNA-DAPI complex fluoresces brilliantly at 450 nm. Nuclei also fluoresce but their nucleoli do not. RNase and Pronase treatment of chloroplasts did not affect the fluorescence but both pre- and posttreatment of DAPI-stained chloroplasts with DNase ...

DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) is a DNA-specific probe which forms a fluorescent complex by attaching in the minor grove of A-T rich sequences of DNA. It also forms nonfluorescent intercalative complexes with double-stranded nucleic acids. The physicochemical properties of the dye and its complexes with nucleic acids and history of the development of this dye as a biological stain are des...

Analysis of micronuclei (MN) in preimplantation embryos is a good method for the evaluation of cytogenetic damage induced by occupational and environmental mutagen during early pregnancy. To examine whether conventional Giemsa staining produced the same accuracy of micronuclei as the DNA-specific 4', 6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining in preimplantation embryo induced by maternal expos...

Psidium guajava (Guava) could be an ancient remedy used for a variety of health conditions. Research suggests that guava fruits and leaves might have advantages. Guava is the tropical tree with yellowish-green skin fruits, widely grown in Central America Asia. Individuals use leaf tea as treatment gastric symptoms many countries, together India China. In different like Mexico, individuals histo...

In spite of various cytogenetic works on suborder Heteroptera, the chromosome organization, function and its evolution in this group is far from being fully understood. Cytologically, the family Rhyparochromidae constitutes a heterogeneous group differing in chromosome numbers. This family possesses XY sex mechanism in the majority of the species with few exceptions. In the present work, multip...

Chromatin undergoes dramatic condensation and decondensation as cells transition between the different phases of the cell cycle. The organization of chromatin in chromosomes is still one of the key challenges in structural biology. Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM), a technique which utilizes a fluorophore's fluorescence lifetime to probe changes in its environment, was used to investigate v...

Triple staining with fluorochromes (DA/DAPI/CMA) and C-banding were used to characterize the composition of Pseudonannolene strinatii heterochromatin. C-banding showed C+ bands of different labeling intensity on chromosomes 1 and 2 in some cells. Fluorochrome staining revealed DAPI+ regions corresponding to the C-banding pattern, indicating that the heterochromatin of this species is abundant i...