The offshore wind power has received immense attention because of higher wind speed and lower opposition for construction. A wide range of combinations of high-voltage ACDC transmission have been proposed for integrating offshore wind farms and long-distance power transmission. This paper is to model such hybrid AC-DC systems including the interfacing converters, which have several control para...

The use of Direct Current (DC) transmission links in power systems is increasing continuously. Thus, it important to develop new techniques model the inclusion these devices network analysis, order allow studies operation and expansion planning large-scale electric systems. In this context, main objective paper present a methodology for simultaneous AC-DC flow multi-terminal High Voltage (HVDC)...

HVDC (high voltage direct current) transmission is an effective way to transport electrical power over long distances by using direct current. The insulation system of HVDC components has to be designed for both AC and DC field distributions. It consists of mineral oil and pressboard. The used insulation material behavior has not been completely understood under DC stress. In this paper, electr...

Dendritic cells (DC) support human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission by capture of the virus particle in the mucosa and subsequent transport to the draining lymph node, where HIV-1 is presented to CD4(+) Th cells. Virus transmission involves a high-affinity interaction between the DC-specific surface molecule DC-SIGN and the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 and subsequent inte...

The main objective of this pre-project is to study the optimal load flow problem applied a proposed hybrid AC/DC transmission network, based on conventional iterative methods and applying heuristic method (PSO) solve FCO problem.

this paper proposes a new method for transmission loss allocation. the share of each bus in the transmission line losses is determined using transmission line loss equations with respect to bus-injected currents. then, it is applied to the total network transmission lines. in the proposed method, comparing with other methods, a solution to remove the negative loss allocation has been introduced...

Transmission network expansion planning is a very complex and computationally demanding problem due to the discrete nature of the optimization variables. This complexity has increased even more in a restructured deregulated environment. In this regard, there is a need for development of more rigorous optimization techniques. This paper presents a comparative analysis of three metaheuristic algo...

Hybrid AC/DC microgrids facilitate the procedure of DC power connection into the conventional AC power system by developing the distributed generations (DGs) technologies. The conversion processes between AC and DC electrical powers are more convenient by hybrid systems. In this paper, an energy management system (EMS) for a hybrid microgrid network is proposed due to the optimal utilization of...

Dendritic cell (DC)-to-T cell transmission is an example of infection in trans, in which the cell transmitting the virus is itself uninfected. During this mode of DC-to-T cell transmission, uninfected DCs concentrate infectious virions, contact T cells and transmit these virions to target cells. Here, we investigated the efficiency of DC-to-T cell transmission on the number of cells infected an...