We investigate transverse electromagnetic waves propagating in a plasma influenced by the gravitational field of the Schwarzschild-de Sitter black hole. Applying 3+1 spacetime split we derive the relativistic two-fluid equations to take account of gravitational effects due to the event horizon and describe the set of simultaneous linear equations for the perturbations. We use a local approximat...

Consider scattering of electromagnetic waves by a nonmagnetic biperiodic structure. The structure separates the whole space into three regions: above and below the structure the medium is assumed to be homogeneous. Inside the structure, the medium is assumed to be de ned by a bounded measurable dielectric coe cient. Given the structure and a timeharmonic electromagnetic plane wave incident on t...

All beams of electromagnetic radiation are made of photons. Therefore, it is important to find a precise relationship between the classical properties of the beam and the quantum characteristics of the photons that make a particular beam. It is shown that this relationship is best expressed in terms of the Riemann–Silberstein vector – a complex combination of the electric and magnetic field vec...

In this paper, we study two different Graded Index (GRIN) photonic crystal (PC) structures which are named as structure type I and type II. The PC structures are made of the square rod in an air background. To design a GRIN PC structure the lattice constant has been altered in the direction transverse to propagation. We investigated focusing effect             and waveguiding behavior of electr...

The radiation pattern of a circular loop source of alternating current located in the lower half-space of two conductive media is considered. A solution of the linear Maxwell’s equations in the frequency domain, using the Hankel transform to modified Helmholtz wave equations, was obtained. This leads to a system of ordinary differential equations with respect to the vertical coordinate, conside...

In this study, we aim to construct a traveling wave solution for nonlinear partial differential equations. In this regards, a cosine-function method is used to find and generate the exact solutions for three different types of nonlinear partial differential equations such as general regularized long wave equation (GRLW), general Korteweg-de Vries equation (GKDV) and general equal width wave equ...

We propose a simple realization of topological edge states in zigzag chains of plasmonic nanoparticles, mimicking the Kitaev model of Majorana fermions. We demonstrate the one-to-one correspondence between the coupled dipole equations in the zigzag plasmonic chain and the Bogoliubov-de-Gennes equations for the quantum wire on top of superconductor and support the analytical theory by the full-w...