Abstract Improved understanding of cellulose swelling mechanism is beneficial for increasing the hydrolysis efficiency cellulosic substrates. Here, we report a family 5 glycoside hydrolase ArCel5 isolated from cellulose-gelatinizing fungus Arthrobotrys sp. CX1. exhibited low specific activity and high capability, which suggested that this protein might function as an accessory protein. Homology...

Young birds learn to sing by using auditory feedback to compare their own vocalizations to a memorized or innate song pattern; if they are deafened as juveniles they will not develop normal songs (Konishi, 1965; Nottebohm, 1968). The completion of song development is called crystallization. After this stage, song shows little variation in its temporal or spectral properties. However, the mechan...

Cotton fibres were subjected to cleaning process and then characterized for maturity. Decrystallisation and swelling processes with caustic soda, ethanol, propan-2-ol and Trichloroethene on the native fibres were carried out. The effects of these on the strength and moisture regain were investigated. The activation energies of the dyeings were also analysed with Durazol Scarlet Red 4 BAS. The r...

A series of choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (ChCl-DESs) were synthesized and characterized, and their performance in the dissolution of cellulose was investigated. The hydrogen-bond donors significantly (β-value) affected the properties of ChCl-DESs, causing differentiated dissolution performances. ChClimidazole (Im) showed the highest Hammett acidity function (1.869), hydrogen bo...

Ionic liquids (ILs) as designer solvents have been applied in biomass pretreatment to increase cellulose accessibility and therefore improve the enzymatic hydrolysis. We investigated the characterization of the micromorphology and the topochemistry of poplar wood during 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate pretreatment with mild conditions (90 °C for 20 and 40 min) by multiple microscopic techni...

The integrated body sensor networks are expected to dominate the future of healthcare, making a critical paradigm shift that will support people in comfort and security their own homes. Thermoelectric generators, this regard, can play crucial role as they steadily generate electricity from heat enable self-powered wearable or implantable medical, health, sports devices. This work provides compr...

ZENK expression in vocal nuclei is associated with singing behavior. Area X is an important nucleus for learning and stabilizing birdsong. ZENK expression is higher in Area X compared to that in other vocal nuclei when birds are singing. To reveal the relationship between the ZENK expression in Area X and song crystallization, immunohistochemistry was used to detect ZENK protein expression in A...

Nanocrystalline cellulose particles are new class of cellulose materials that can find the wide application in various technical areas, biotechnology and medicine. The nanoparticles are usually made by treatment or initial cellulose samples with concentrated sulfuric acid (SA) at various temperatures and following mechanical or ultrasound disintegration. Unfortunately, conditions of existing me...