claimant and defendant’s presence has different consequences and sanctions if the legislator said that their default is not an obstacle for proceeding. current remedy is annulling the claim or default judgment. this remedy is different in the previous islamic law and our past laws and french law. the notion of presence in islamic law is personal presence and so is different from its current not...

Dynamic capital structure models with roll-over debt rely on widely accepted arguments that have never been formalized. This paper clarifies the literature and provides a rigorous formulation of the equity holders’ decision problem within a game theory framework. We spell out the linkage between default policies in a rational expectations equilibrium and optimal stopping theory. We prove that t...

In this paper, we analyze the optimal default strategy of a firm when debt is convertible into equity. For this purpose, we consider a convertible consol bond in a time-independent model in the presence of bankruptcy costs and tax deductability. The optimal default and conversion strategy result from a game between equity and debt holders. We show that an optimal default of convertible debt occ...

We study bond prices in jump diffusion model incorporating default barrier scheme. We start with a general framework under which the firm value process is assumed to follow Merton’s jump diffusion process except that the jump size distribution is arbitrary. We adopt exponential default barrier as in Black and Cox[5]. Moreover, as in Longstaff and Schwartz[16] and Zhou[24], we assume that the bo...

Credit Valuation Adjustment (CVA) has become an important field as its calculation is required in Basel III, issued in 2010, in the wake of the credit crisis. Exposure, which is defined as the potential future loss on a financial contract due to a default event, is one of the key elements for calculating CVA. This paper provides a backward dynamics framework for assessing exposure profiles of E...

We study an equilibrium model for the pricing of a defaultable zero coupon bond issued by a firm in the framework of Back [2]. The market consists of a risk-neutral informed agent, noise traders and a market maker who sets the price using the total order. When the insider does not trade, the default time possesses a default intensity in market’s view as in reduced-form credit risk models. Howev...

We study the implications of credit market frictions for the dynamics of corporate capital structure and the risk of default of corporations. To do so, we develop a dynamic capital structure model in which firms face uncertainty regarding their ability to raise funds in credit markets and have to search for investors when seeking to adjust their capital structure. We provide a general analysis ...

This paper develops a corporate bond valuation model that incorporates a default barrier with dynamics depending on stochastic interest rates and variance of the corporate bond function. The volatility of the firm value affects the level of the barrier over time through the variance of the corporate bond function and its contribution to the barrier's dynamics is adjusted by a free parameter. We...