This study systematically maps empirical research on physicians’ views and experiences of hedging-type defensive medicine, which involves providing services (eg, tests, referrals) to reduce perceived legal risks. Such practices drive over-treatment low value healthcare. Data sources were empirical, English?language publications in health, multi-disciplinary databases. The extraction framework c...

Background: Breastfeeding failures and oral feeding problems in preterm infants result in long-term health complications. In this study, therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of oral stimulation along with non-nutritive sucking (NNS) on independent oral feeding initiation and weight gain in preterm infants. Methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial was carried out at Aliasghar Ho...

INTRODUCTION Hypernatremia (serum sodium ≥ 150 mmol/L) is one of the most life-threatening complications of childhood diarrhea, and its management remains challenging, even in a highly advanced critical care setting. This case report describes the acute clinical course and 3-month neurological follow-up after discharge of an infant with extreme hypernatremia in an intensive care unit in Dhaka, ...

conclusions the present research revealed that the number of days to reach oral feeding in our preterm babies was decreased by oral motor stimulation, which in turn conferred earlier hospital discharge. results transition to oral feeding was acquired significantly earlier in the infants in the experimental group than in the controls: 13 and 26 days, respectively (p < 0.001). likewise, the lengt...

BACKGROUND Increasingly, evidence supports oral feeding of very low birth-weight (VLBW) preterm infants exclusively at breast or with breast milk. Despite known breast milk benefits, outcomes related to exclusive breast milk provision are poor. Identifying factors that promote breast milk provision is critical. PURPOSE Breastfeeding practices of mothers of VLBW infants admitted to neonatal in...

Diseases and symptoms of mouth mucosa are prevalent in particular in the ageing populations. For example, a nationwide representative examination in the US revealed approximately 28% prevalence of all oral mucosal lesions in subjects 17 years of age and older with distinct differences between age groups and whether or not the subject smoked [27]. There are no comprehensive epidemiological data ...

Giant cells are the soldiers of defensive system of our body. They differ based on the stimuli that provoked their formation. On the other hand, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) being the most common oral cancer, presents with varied histopathological features based on the degree of differentiation. Keratinizing islands of dysplastic squamous epithelial cells & a dense inflammatory response form t...

The dynamics of oral mucosa is known by its inherent defensive nature. Certain areas demand tough shield when subjected to mechanical insults. This is met by structural scaffolding material referred as cytoskeleton comprised of intracellular protein filaments called cytokeratins in the surface squames of oral epithelia. They also equally contribute towards the architecture of odontogenic appara...

The aim of the present study was to clarify clinical factors in low birth weight infants and their mothers associated with exclusive breastfeeding at both neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge and the start of complementary feeding. One hundred and fifteen low birth weight children and 98 mothers attending the follow-up clinic of two tertiary NICUs in Nara prefecture (Japan), between Ju...