Abstract The term ‘tornado’ has been used in recent years to describe several solar phenomena, from large-scale eruptive prominences small-scale photospheric vortices. It also applied the generally stable quiescent prominences, sparking a renewed interest what historically was called ‘prominence tornadoes’. This paper carries out an in-depth review of physical nature tornadoes’, where their nam...

Understanding the dynamical behavior of many-particle systems both in and out of equilibrium is a central issue in both statistical mechanics and complex systems theory. One question involves “nature vs. nurture”: given a system with a random initial state evolving through a well-defined stochastic dynamics, how much of the information contained in the state at future times depends on the initi...