This problem is prob. 2 of [1]. One of the earliest conceptual “supercomputers” was Maxwell’s Demon [2], who uses intelligence in sorting molecules to appear to evade the Second Law of Thermodynamics. To place the demon in a computational context, consider a computer “memory” that consists of a set of boxes (bits), each of volume V and each containing a single molecule. A (re)movable partition ...

Maxwell’s Demon conspires to use information about the state of a confined molecule in a Szilard engine (randomly frozen into a state subspace by his own actions) to derive work from a single-temperature heat bath. It is widely accepted that, if the Demon can achieve this at all, he can do so without violating the Second Law only because of a counterbalancing price that must be paid to erase in...

We determine the maximum amount of work extractable in finite time by a demon performing continuous measurements on a quadratic Hamiltonian system subjected to thermal fluctuations, in terms of the information extracted from the system. The maximum work demon is found to apply a high-gain continuous feedback involving a Kalman-Bucy estimate of the system state and operates in nonequilibrium. A ...

In this paper we describe an apparent paradox concerning a moving plate capacitor driven by thermal noise from a resistor. The plates are attracted together, but a demon restores the plates of the capacitor to their original position when the voltage across the capacitor is small-hence only small forces are present for the demon to work against. The demon has to work harder than this to avoid t...

Maxwell's demon is an imaginary entity that reduces the entropy of a system and generates free energy in the system. About 150 years after its proposal, theoretical studies explained the physical validity of Maxwell's demon in the context of information thermodynamics, and there have been successful experimental demonstrations of energy generation by the demon. The demon's next task is to conve...

studying persian heroic epic verses affected by narrative tradition and shahname is one of the areas that can be analyzed from  different perspectives. samname which is considered as the last national epic in persian literature and apparently is written in late 7th century and early 8th century – if we accept to be written by khajooye kermani- is among these works which is similar to shahname f...

Maxwell's demon is a hypothetical creature that can convert information to free energy. A debate that has lasted for more than 100 years has revealed that the demon's operation does not contradict the laws of thermodynamics; hence, the demon can be realized physically. We briefly review the first experimental demonstration of Maxwell's demon of Szilard's engine type that converts information to...