introduction: low-frequency stimulation (lfs) has a delaying effect on kindled seizures acquisition. in the present study we examined the role of galanin receptors in the inhibitory effects of lfs on kindled seizures induced by electrical stimulation of perforant path. methods: animals were stimulated daily at the ad threshold intensity with a rapid kindling procedure. lfs was applied immediate...

introduction: application of low-frequency stimulation (lfs) is a new method for treatment of drug resistant epileptic patients. previous studies demonstrated that activation of receptors coupled to gi proteins is one of the mechanisms of the anticonvulsant effect of lfs. thus, in this study, alterations in the expression of rgs4 and rgs10 proteins, as negative regulators of gi proteins, were i...

introduction: over the last decade, exposure to non-ionizing electromagnetic waves due to base station antenna has increased. this in vivo study was planned for evaluating the effects of whole-body exposure to 950 mhz field of gsm mobile phone system on rat dentate gyrus long-term potentiation. materials and methods: 24 naive male wistar rats (3 month old, 225|¡|25 g) were randomly divided in t...

The hippocampus is one of the most widely studied areas in the brain because of its important functional role in memory processing and learning, its remarkable neuronal cell plasticity, and its involvement in epilepsy, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders. The hippocampus is composed of distinct regions; the dentate gyrus, which comprises mainly granule neurons, and Ammon's hor...

Endogenous opioid system agonists exert amnestic effects in different models of memory. It has been suggested that these amnestic effects may be linked indirectly to state-dependent learning. Accordingly pre-training administration of morphine can impair the retrieval of learned tasks in a state dependent manner, which is reversible by pre test morphine administration. In this study, state depe...

Endogenous opioid system agonists exert amnestic effects in different models of memory. It has been suggested that these amnestic effects may be linked indirectly to state-dependent learning. Accordingly pre-training administration of morphine can impair the retrieval of learned tasks in a state dependent manner, which is reversible by pre test morphine administration. In this study, state depe...

In this study, we observed the ontogenetic changes in glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) immunoreactivity, a major neuronal GLUT, in the dentate gyrus of mouse brains at various ages: postnatal day (P) 1, 7, 14, 28, and 56. At P1, cresyl violet staining showed abundant neurons in the dentate gyrus, whereas the granule cell layer was ill-defined. At P7, the granule cell layer was observed, and cresyl...

It is now well established that neurogenesis in the rodent subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus continues throughout adulthood. Neuroblasts born in the dentate subgranular zone migrate into the granule cell layer, where they differentiate into neurons known as dentate granule cells. Suppression of neurogenesis by irradiation or genetic ablation has been shown to disrupt synaptic pl...