The seemingly paradoxical increase of a species' means density in response to greater mortality is an interesting research topic recent times, and such type counterintuitive known as the hydra effect. Identifying predicting consequences increased crucial for conservation biology population management. existence effect Gause-type models feature mathematical ecology. However, still not investigat...

functional response in natural enemies is affected not only by host and natural enemy characteristics but also, the application of pesticide to pest population can affected the parameters of functional response as well as efficiency of natural enemy. in this research, the side effects of two pesticides, hexaflumuron and pymetrozin and also acaricide spirodiclofen and plant extracts, caiotropis ...

introduction: intranodal pathways of atrioventricular (av) node play a vital role in the delay of conduction time in response to various atrial inputs. the present study was aimed to determine the frequency-dependent electrophysiological properties of concealed slow pathway according to a functional model of isolated rabbit atrioventricular node preparation after fast pathway ablation. methods:...