closure of fascia after transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (tram) flap has usually been performed with direct closure or synthetic material. the dermal autograft was removed from zone iv of flap was an alternative to reinforce fascial closure. the dermal autograft was used in 34 patients after tram harvest for breast, head and neck reconstruction and prolene mesh was used in 42 other ...

in this study, tretinoin microemulsion has been formulated based on phase diagram studies by changing the amounts and proportions of inactive ingredients, such as surfactants, co-surfactants and oils. the effects of these variables have been determined on microemulsion formation, particle size of the dispersed phase and release profile of tretinoin from microemulsion through dialysis membrane. ...

There is growing emphasis in the United States and Europe regarding the quantification of dermal exposures to chemical mixtures and other substances. In this paper, we determine the dermal flux of benzene in neat form, in organic solvents, and in aqueous solutions based on a critical review and analysis of the published literature, and discuss appropriate applications for using benzene dermal a...

objective(s): with the advent of nanotechnology, significant progress has been made in the area of nanoscale materials such as nanosilver (ag-nps). these nanoparticles have a wide range of applications and been used for antimicrobial purposes for more than a century. however, little attention has been paid to the toxicity of nanosilver wound dressing. this study was designed to investigate the ...

background we present a novel method for augmenting the standard c-v flap used for nipple reconstruction with a free dermal graft which aims to improve the appearance of the nipple reconstruction, decrease loss of projection and improve patient satisfaction overall. methods the surgical technique for performing a free dermal graft augmentation of a cv flap is described. all patients who underwe...

In recent years, Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) and Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) have been used separately for many clinical applications, especially skin rejuvenation. A combined injection of PRP and ADSCs could therefore be used to treat skin wrinkles. However, there are controversies and reports with conflicting results regarding the efficacy of this treatment. The authors aimed to determi...

conclusions based on the results of the current study, it was concluded that aloe vera, licorice and mint extracts had synergistic effects on the viability of dermal fibroblasts; in addition, the combination of aloe vera and licorice with either henna or myrtle, and aloe vera and mint with either cedar or ginger resulted in synergistic effects on viability of dermal fibroblasts. the third categ...

OBJECTIVE Genistein, a phytoestrogen, has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic properties. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the protective effect of genistein in bleomycin (BLM)-induced dermal fibrosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study involved four groups of Balb/c mice (n=10 per group). Mice in three groups were administered BLM [100 μg/day in 100 μL phosphate-buff...

Delivery of drug through topical route represents a most convenient and novel approach. The major difficulty arises while delivering a drug through skin is its action as a natural barrier nature which makes it difficult for most drugs to penetrate into and permeate through it. Conventional topical formulations have not proved to be effective in dermal delivery of drug. Novel drug delivery syste...