Responding to a preceding article by Michael J. Newton ("Moral dilemmas in surgical training: intent and the case for ethical ambiguity"), Downie comments on three of Newton's themes. He agrees that trainees should engage in ethical self-appraisal but cautions that introspection is inappropriate at the time of an operation. Regarding Newton's downplaying of philosophical analysis in medical e...

Cold treatment of donor carnation plants (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) at 4 C for 3 days or more resulted in a doubling in the percentage of excised, frozen shoot apices which survived freezing and a 6- to 7-fold increase in the percentage which formed leaf primordia or shoots. The optimal freezing parameters for both survival and differentiation were as follows: size of the shoot apex-two to thre...

Abscisic acid hastened senescence of carnation flowers and this was preceded by stimulation of accelerated ethylene production. Carbon dioxide delayed the onset of autocatalytic ethylene production in flowers regardless of treatment with abscisic acid. Flowers exhibited a low and transient climacteric of ethylene production without wilting while in 4% carbon dioxide and underwent accelerated et...

The present study deals with the cytological investigations on the meristematic root cells of carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus Linn.) grown in vivo and in vitro. Cellular parameters including the mitotic index (MI), chromosome count, ploidy level (nuclear DNA content), mean cell and nuclear areas, and cell doubling time (Cdt) were determined from the 2 mm root tip segments of this species. The ...