in this study, the energy reserves of prediapause and diapausing adult bugs were examined using colorimetric biochemical techniques to determine carbohydrates, lipids, glycogen, and protein content. to this end, 45-day-old bugs were obtained from three different sources: laboratory colony, cold-stored insects, or natural habitat. the results showed that prediapause males and females had signifi...

A rich chapter in the history of insect endocrinology has focused on hormonal control of diapause, especially the major roles played by juvenile hormones (JHs), ecdysteroids, and the neuropeptides that govern JH and ecdysteroid synthesis. More recently, experiments with adult diapause in Drosophila melanogaster and the mosquito Culex pipiens, and pupal diapause in the flesh fly Sarcophaga crass...

Larvae of the blow fly, Lucilia sericata (Meigen), enter diapause in the third instar after cessation of feeding. The effects of temperature and photoperiod on the termination of diapause were examined. The diapause terminated spontaneously under the diapause-inducing condition of 20 degrees C and LD 12:12, although pupariation was not synchronous. Diapause development proceeded under a low tem...

Insects in diapause characteristically feed very little or not at all, thus they are largely or totally dependent on energy reserves sequestered prior to the entry into diapause. Fats are the dominant reserve used during this period, but non-fat reserves are also important for some species, especially during certain phases of diapause. Metabolic depression, coupled with the low temperatures of ...

Flesh flies that have experienced pupal diapause produce progeny that will not enter diapause even when reared in a strongly diapause-inducing environment. The effect is determined, not by diapause itself, but by the short days previously received by the larvae during the programming of pupal diapause. Reciprocal cross matings indicate that the effect is transmitted solely by the female parent....

Wild populations of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster experience highly heterogeneous environments over broad geographical ranges as well as over seasonal and annual timescales. Diapause is a primary adaptation to environmental heterogeneity, and in D. melanogaster the propensity to enter diapause varies predictably with latitude and season. Here we performed global transcriptomic prof...

Reproductive diapause was characterized in females of Pyrrhocoris apterus using physiological parameters (diapause intensity, photoperiodic responsiveness, oxygen consumption, mass and hydration) and changes in relative abundance of mRNA transcripts of eight different genes coding for proteins implemented in energy metabolism, cryoprotectant biosynthesis, biological clocks, and hormonal recepto...

Prolonged diapause is usually interpreted as an adaptation to unpredictable environmental conditions and resource availability. Many parasites usually face highly unpredictable environments, therefore prolonged diapause should be common among these organisms. Here we examine the occurrence and frequency of prolonged diapause in the ectoparasite Carnus hemapterus (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha, Acalyptr...

Many animal species experiencing spatial or interannual fluctuations of their environment are capable of prolonged diapause, a kind of dormancy that extends over more than one year. Such a prolonged diapause is commonly perceived as a temporal demographic refuge in stochastic environments, but empirical evidence is still lacking of its consequences on temporal population genetic structures. In ...

Embryos of the annual killifish Austrofundulus limnaeus enter a state of developmental arrest termed diapause as part of their normal developmental program. Diapause can occur at two distinct developmental stages in this species, termed diapause II and III. When incubated at 25°C, most embryos enter diapause II, whereas a small percentage of 'escape' embryos develop continuously past diapause I...