This thesis draws its hypothesis from the quantitative description of reflection and refraction of light at interfaces, given by the Fresnel theory. According to the theory, initially unpolarised light is partially polarised upon reflection from a smooth dielectric surface. Hence, variations in the polarisation properties of reflected and scattered light must indicate a change in properties of ...

In the quest to miniaturise photonics, it is of paramount importance to control light at the nanoscale. We reveal the main physical mechanism responsible for operation of gap plasmon-based gradient metasurfaces, comprising a periodic arrangement of metal nanobricks, and suggest that two degrees of freedom in the nanobrick geometry allow one to independently control the reflection phases of orth...

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a leading biocompatible material extensively used for bone implants as a porous ceramic graft and as a bioactive coating. Electrical characteristics of HA can be employed in implantable devices for real-time in vivo pressure sensor applications such as in knee or hip prosthesis. In particular, high piezo and pyroelectricity of HA, its polarisation by electron beam and sel...

The electro-optic and dielectric properties of ferroelectric liquid crystal-multi-wall carbon nanotube dispersions were investigated with respect to temperature and nanotube concentration. The main physical properties, such as tilt angle, spontaneous polarization, response time, viscosity, and Goldstone-mode relaxation strength and frequency were studied. While all dispersions exhibit the expec...

ELECT A new ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna integrated with a narrow-band (NB) antenna has been designed and fabricated. The UWB antenna consists of a U-shaped dielectric resonator fed by a microstrip line. In addition, the proposed structure integrates an NB slot with the same polarisation. The electromagnetic analysis is carried out by using two commercial software tools. To validate the propose...

We studied the dielectric properties of a polar nematic phase (NF) sandwiched between two gold or ITO electrodes, serving as cell surface. In bulk, NF is expected to exhibit Goldstone mode (phason), because polarisation can uniformly rotate with no energy cost. However, coupling direction director and finite, confinement, even in absence aligning surface layer, induces some cost for reorientati...

An analytical solution for the distribution of surface charge on a dielectric sphere due to the presence of an external point charge is presented. This solution describes how charge on the surface of the sphere is polarised in the electric field into regions of negative and positive charge. The polarisation effect (distribution of surface charge) generally varies with the separation between the...

Abstract Wave propagation properties in a medium are fundamentally affected when this is moving instead of at rest. In isotropic dielectric media rotation has two noteworthy contributions: one mechanically induced circular birefringence, which materialises as the polarisation, other image rotation, corresponds to transverse structure wave. Here, we review effect magnetised plasma. We also point...