in this study, hydroxyapatite (ha) nanocrystals have been synthesized via chemical precipitation technique. diammonium hydrogen phosphate and calcium nitrate 4-hydrate were used as starting materials and sodium hydroxide solution was used as the agent for ph adjustment. the powder sample was evaluated by techniques such as scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, fourier ...

Unitary differential space–time modulation (UDSTM) where unitary matrix symbols are differentially encoded prior to transmission is an attractive solution for transmission over multiple–input multiple–output (MIMO) fading channels without requiring channel state information (CSI). In this work we investigate and optimize the application of tree–search algorithms to maximum–likelihood multiple–s...

Caffeine loaded magnetic nanoparticle was successfully synthesized and were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The resulting nanocom...

abstract due to transmission losses and lack of initial flow, flood routing in ephemeral streams is not possible with common methods and it is necessary the flood routing models have been developed for these streams. therefore in this study a computer model for natural river cross section has been developed in that after linearization of partial differential equations of unsteady none uniform f...

Most readers will already have encountered at least one ODE model of disease transmission. Here we briefly review the construction of such models and some of their predictions. For an in-depth review of these models the reader may want to consult the survey article [1]. All ODE models of disease transmission are continuous-time compartment-level models. Here we focus on models of type SI, SIS, ...

nanocrystalline particles of cerium oxide (ceo2) have been prepared by the chemical precipitation method using cerium nitrate and urea with a molar ratio of 1:2. the results revealed that the formation of ceo2 fine particles is influenced by molar ratio of metal nitrates to fuel. well faceted ceo2 nanoparticles, were synthesized by thermal-assisted dissociation method at reflux temperature in a...

There have been few practical of integrated vehicle health monitoring systems for ground vehicles. Once the challenges this application is high dynamics engine/transmission and non-fixed ratio transmission, drivetrain in general. Further, because differential, there no fixed from input differential to drive wheels. The paper covers development a vibration-based system truck, some results 1000-m...

In this paper, we deduce a fractional-order model based on skin effect for frequency dependent transmission line model. The voltages and currents at any location in transmission line can be calculated by the proposed fractional partial differential equations. Then the fractional ordinary differential equation can obtained from the transmission line fractional partial differential equations thro...