The multimodel ensemble exercise performed within the HTAP project context (Fiore et al., 2009) is used here as an example of how a pre-inspection, diagnosis and selection of an ensemble, can produce more reliable results. The procedure is contrasted with the often-used practice of simply averaging model simulations, assuming different models produce independent results, and using the diversity...

In a recent paper, Peláez and Ynduráin evaluate some of the low energy observables of ππ scattering and obtain flat disagreement with our earlier results. The authors work with unsubtracted dispersion relations, so that their results are very sensitive to the poorly known high energy behaviour of the scattering amplitude. Indeed, their calculations mainly illustrate the fact that the most impor...

In this paper the present "state\ of air quality modeling (as viewed by the authors) is presented. The focus of the paper will be on the "current\ state-of-aaairs. Due to limitation of space (and the focus of this Dagstuhl Seminar) the discussion will focus on only a few aspects of air quality modeling: i.e., chemical integration, sensitivity analisys and computational framework.

While there are extensive theoretical studies on firms’ responses to environmental regulations and enforcement, there are few empirical analyses of firms’ expenditures on pollution abatement in responding to different regulations and enforcement strategies. This paper presents an empirical analysis of pollution abatement efforts of Chinese industrial firms under a combination of pollution charg...

A discussion of several exotic models and how well they are able to describe the data, with particular emphasis on atmospheric neutrinos.

In Shannon’s landmark 1949 paper Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems, the idea of diffusive functions is briefly mentioned. We consider two common definitions of such functions mapping between binary strings of fixed length. Given the dimension of the input space, we determine the minimum dimension of the output space for which such a function exists, by explicit construction and with respe...

Article history: Received 7 April 2011 Received in revised form 17 September 2011 Accepted 18 September 2011 Is wind direction an adequate marker of air mass history? This review looks at the evolution of methods for assessing the effect of the origin and pathway of air masses on composition change and trends. The composition of air masses and how they evolve and the changing contribution of so...

introduction the movement and fate of solutes in the subsurface in affected by a large number of physical, chemical processes requiring a broad array of mathematical and physical sciences to study and describe solute transport. the dispersion is an important parameter in the advection – dispersion equation, which is used in assessing, and solving the problems related to the contamination and th...

Microstructural changes in human brain white matter of young to middle-aged adults were studied using advanced diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (dMRI). Multiple shell diffusion-weighted data were acquired using the Hybrid Diffusion Imaging (HYDI). The HYDI method is extremely versatile and data were analyzed using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Im...

Discretizations based on unstructured grids have been widely used in other scientific disciplines for modeling problems bounded by complex geometries. Solution-adaptive techniques are relatively easy to implement on unstructured grids and in addition they provide a convenient way to model the multi-scale spanning nature of atmospheric flows. This paper describes the implementation of a higher-o...