This is a tutorial paper giving an introduction to the perception of multichannel sound reproduction. The important underlying psychoacoustic phenomena are reviewed – starting with the behaviour of the auditory periphery and moving on through binaural perception, central binaural phenomena and cognition. The author highlights the way the perception of a recording can be changed according to the...

Auditory displays for mobile service robots are developed. The design of digital-audio symbols, such as directional sounds and additional sounds for robot states, as well as the design of more complicated robot sound tracks are explained. Basic musical elements and robot movement sounds are combined. Two experimental studies, on the understandability of the directional sounds and on the auditor...

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between the directivity of a directional microphone hearing aid and listener performance. Hearing aids were fit bilaterally to 19 subjects with sensorineural hearing loss, and five microphone conditions were assessed: omnidirectional, cardioid, hypercardioid, supercardioid, and "monofit," wherein the left hearing aid was set to omnidirect...

Directional qualities of spatial sound systems are studied with a binaural model of human direction perception. The evaluated spatial sound systems are pairand triplet-wise panning and firstand second-order Ambisonics.

When identical visual targets move directly toward and then past one another, they appear either to stream past one another or to bounce off each other. Bertenthal et al (1993 Perception 22 193-207) accounted for the relative strengths of these two percepts by invoking a directional bias, arising from cooperative interactions within a network of motion detectors. We tested this explanation by d...

Navigation first requires accurate perception of one's spatial orientation within the environment, which consists of knowledge about location and directional heading. Cells within several limbic system areas of the mammalian brain discharge allocentrically as a function of the animal's directional heading, independent of the animal's location and ongoing behavior. These cells are referred to as...