a comprehensive mathematical model based on the discrete particle model and computational fluid dynamics was utilized to investigate mixing and segregation of particles in fluidized beds at high pressure. to quantify the extent of mixing in the bed, the lacey mixing index was used. simulations were carried out with different mass fractions of small particles at various pressures ranging from 1 ...

In an attempt to reduce the high computational efforts for dynamic thermal simulations using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) the authors have recently developed an adaptive freeze-flow method (i.e. freezing of flow equations over variable time periods). This paper documents the work that has been carried out to predict the radiative surface heat transfer in dynamic thermal building processes...

OBJECTIVES The effect of local workplace smoking laws in California was assessed to determine whether such laws increase smoking cessation. METHODS Workplace smoking ordinance data from 1990 were appended to 1990 California Tobacco Survey data from 4680 adult indoor workers who were current cigarette smokers or reported smoking in the 6 months before the survey. Ordinance effects on cigarette...

In the United States, smoking is the leading cause of death - having a mortality rate of approximately 435,000 people in 2000-accounting for 8.1% of all US deaths recorded that year. Consequently, we analyzed the Delaware Hospital Discharge Database, and identified state and non-state residents discharged with AMI or asthma for the years 1999 to 2004. Statistical data analysis compared the inci...

T h e DART (discrete anisotropic radiative transfer) model simulates radiative transfer in heterogeneous 3-D scenes that may comprise different landscape features; i.e., leaves, grass, trunks, water, soil. The scene is divided into a rectangular cell matrix, i.e., building block for simulating larger scenes. Cells are parallelipipedic. Their optical properties are represented by individual scat...

in this study, a computational fluid dynamics (cfd) model was developed to evaluate ultraviolet disinfection applesauce reactor. to simulate uv reactors, three sets of equations, including hydrodynamics, radiation and species mass conservation were solved simultaneously. the realizable k-e turbulence model and the discrete ordinate method were used to find the uv radiation profile through the r...

The treatment of cooling appliances in Austria is mainly influenced by two factors. On the one hand is the changing composition of cooling appliances because of the CFC phase out, on the other hand are the minimum recycling rates stipulated by the ordinance on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE ordinance). Two basic treatment practices can be identified in Austria: One type aiming ...

In this study, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model was developed to evaluate ultraviolet disinfection applesauce reactor. To simulate UV reactors, three sets of equations, including hydrodynamics, radiation and species mass conservation were solved simultaneously. The Realizable k-e turbulence model and the discrete ordinate method were used to find the UV radiation profile through the r...