Aluminum salt that is generally presents as a solid phase in the water purification sludge (WPS) can be dissolved, recovering a liquid phase, by adding strong acid to the sludge solution. According to the reaction kinetics, when reactant is in the form of small particles with a large specific surface area, or when the reaction temperature is high, the quantity of dissolved aluminum salt or reac...

Seawater from the northern Adriatic, with low phosphorus (0.03 WM) and nitrogen (1.0 WM NO3 and 1.0 WM NH4) concentration, was incubated for 12 days in 20-l polycarbonate carboys. The addition of a nutrient mixture (0.6 WM PO4, 5.1 WM NO3, 1.8 WM NH4, 10.6 WM SiO2) induced a strong diatom bloom, reaching 25 Wg l31 Chl a. Primary and bacterial production were stimulated by the initial enrichment...

Freely dissolved and gas phase polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) were measured in the water column and atmosphere at five locations within Newark Bay (New Jersey, USA) from May 2008 to August 2009 with polyethylene (PE) passive samplers. Mono- to octa-CDDs and mono- to hepta-CDFs were detected in bottom and surface waters at ≤ 20 pg/L with no cl...

Abstract. Dense, non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) are common organic contaminants in subsurface environment. Once spilled or leaked underground, they slowly dissolved into groundwater and generated a plume of contaminants. In order to manage the contaminated site and predict the behavior of dissolved DNAPL in heterogeneous subsurface requires a comprehensive numerical model. In this work, the...

A case study is presented highlighting changes in geochemical conditions induced by the anaerobic degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) that enhanced the coalescence of dissolved phase PHCs into light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL). Forensic analysis detected the presence of weathered light, middle and heavy weight PHCs in groundwater and LNAPL samples that were consistent with straigh...

A method is reported for enhancing the sensitivity of NMR of dissolved xenon by detecting the signal after extraction to the gas phase. We demonstrate hyperpolarized xenon signal amplification by gas extraction (Hyper-SAGE) in both NMR spectra and magnetic resonance images with time-of-flight information. Hyper-SAGE takes advantage of a change in physical phase to increase the density of polari...

The dissolved-particulate phase distribution of polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) in the waters of a high mountain lake (Redó Lake, Pyrenees) has been studied. The lake is oligotrophic and its water hydrology is dominated by atmospheric precipitation; inputs from catchment or other sources are not significant. Samples were collected in several periods encompassing the summer and winter seasons. The PC...

A new sampling device was used to obtain 8 detailed profiles of groundwater and associated sediment properties to ∼30 m depth in a 4 km area of Bangladesh that is characterized by high spatial variability in groundwater As. Concentrations of dissolved As, Fe, andMn ranged from b0.1 to 600 μg/L, b0.1 to 18 mg/L, and b0.1 to 4 mg/L, respectively. Voltammetric measurements conducted in the field i...