Dominance is defined as the preferential access to limited resources. The present study aimed to characterise dominance in a non-aggressive flatfish species, the Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) by 1) identifying dominance categories and associated behaviours and 2) linking dominance categories (dominant and subordinate) with the abundance of selected mRNA transcripts in the brain. Early ju...

Stress assignment to polysyllabic words is the only aspect of the pronunciation of written Italian that cannot be predicted by rule. It could be a function of stress dominance in the language or of stress neighborhood (i.e., the number of words sharing an ending and a stress pattern). In two experiments, we investigated stress assignment in Italian adult and, most importantly, young readers. Wo...

T HE dominance of genes controlling fitness components and other quantitative characters is important for theoretical predictions concerning the maintenance of genetic variability (see e.&, CABALLERO and KEIGHTLEY 1994). Consider, for instance, mutation selection balance at a diallelic autosomal locus with mutation rate p to the deleterious allele and fitnesses 1, 1-sh, and 1-s, with s > 0 and ...

Obvious differences exist in the daily activity patterns of the LEW/Ztm and ACI/Ztm inbred strains of Laboratory rats. The inbred strain ACII Ztm shows a clear 24-h rhythm of locomotor activity. The activity pattern of the LEW/Ztm strain, however, is characterized by ultradian rhythms of 4and 4.8-h periods. Genetic analysis of crosses between the two strains was used to examine the relative amo...

Early life environmental manipulations have been shown to affect hippocampal-dependent learning, hippocampal volume and cerebral lateralization. In this study, we investigated the effects of neonatal stimulation on hippocampal volumetric asymmetry. Long-Evans hooded rats were exposed to a novel non-home environment 3 min daily for the first 3 weeks of life. Histological measures of the left and...

We investigate the sources of bias that affect the most commonly used methods of estimation of the average degree of dominance (h) of deleterious mutations, focusing on estimates from segregating populations. The main emphasis is on the effect of the finite size of the populations, but other sources of bias are also considered. Using diffusion approximations to the distribution of gene frequenc...

H i H amilton et al. (1) reported some very interesting and important findings in their article “Default-Mode and TaskPositive Network Activity in Major Depressive Disorder: Implications for Adaptive and Maladaptive Rumination.” In the article, the authors explored dominance of the default-mode network (DMN) over the task-positive network (TPN) and how that dominance might be related to depress...