Double-stranded RNA was isolated from tobacco leaves and characterized in terms of base composition, density, and nuclease resistance. Although its role in the plant's physiology is not clear, evidence was adduced that it is the product of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase previously shown to occur in this and other plants. The fact that twice as much fully than partially double-stranded RNA app...

Cell-free protein-synthesizing systems that initiate on endogenous messenger RNA have been developed from uninfected and poliovirus-infected HeLa cells. Poliovirus double-stranded RNA is an effective inhibitor of protein synthesis in these extracts, and both cell-directed and virus-specific protein synthesis are equally sensitive to the inhibitory action of double-stranded RNA. The concentratio...

Heterogeneous nuclear RNA from HeLa cells contains double-stranded regions that arise by base pairing of complementary sequences that exist as parts of the same molecule (intramolecular base pairing). When denatured, the RNA sequences that form the double-stranded regions hybridize rapidly to HeLa cell DNA, suggesting that they are transcribed from reiterated sites in the genome. The messenger ...

Concentrations of double-stranded RNA above about 0.1 mug/ml inhibit translation of encephalo-myocarditis viral RNA and mouse globin messenger RNA in extracts of Krebs II ascites cells. Protein synthesis initially proceeds at the control rate, then abruptly shuts off in a manner similar to that observed in reticulocyte lysates [Hunt, T. & Ehrenfeld, E. (1971) Nature New Biol. 230, 91-94]. Subst...

DDX3X is a human DEAD-box RNA helicase implicated in many cancers and in viral progression. In addition to the RecA-like catalytic core, DDX3X contains N- and C-terminal domains. Here, we investigate the substrate and protein requirements to support the ATPase activity of a DDX3X construct lacking 80 residues from its C-terminal domain. Our data confirmed previous results that for an RNA molecu...

Replication complexes of hepatitis C virus synthesized two major species of viral RNA in vitro, double stranded and single stranded. NS5B nonnucleoside inhibitors inhibited dose dependently the synthesis of single-stranded RNA but not double-stranded RNA. Moreover, replication complexes carrying a mutation resistant to a nonnucleoside inhibitor lost their susceptibilities to the inhibitor.

Double-stranded (ds) RNAs associated with viruslike particles have been found in six isolates of Alternaria alternata which produce tentoxin. Isolates had from one to three dsRNAs ranging in size from 1.0 to 5.1 kilobase pairs. In two isolates the dsRNAs were associated with 30-nm particles. No dsRNA was detected in any of six other tentoxin-producing isolates or nine isolates which did not pro...

At low ionic strength and with a low exogenous RNA polymerase/DNA ratio, rat liver chromatin directs the synthesis in vitro of RNA sequences rich in double-stranded segments. All the transcripts contain at least one double-stranded sequence. Most of the double-stranded segments are formed by intramolecular base-pairing of inverted complementary sequences separated by a single-stranded loop. The...