To review the literature on the efficacy of cyclosporine (CsA) ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% on symptomatic relief in chronic dry eye disease. There is consistent evidence of objective improvements in chronic dry eye disease (Schirmer score, corneal and interpalpebral dye staining, and tear breakup time) with CsA, but variable results with symptomatic improvement, possibly due to patient tolerance ...

With the objective of determining whether it would be possible to sustainably produce Jatropha curcas L. seeds on the marginal land situated close to the Senegal River, a 6-hectare pilot plantation was cultivated under drip irrigation between September 2007-November 2011, close to the village of Bokhol (Lat. 16°31’N, Long. 15°23’W). A series of tests were conducted on this plot, in order to ide...

Serial sections prepared from biopsies of the deep tarsal portion of the inferior nasal conjunctival fornix in normal subjects and in patients with various dry eye syndromes were analyzed with respect to the goblet cell densities. When compared to normal subjects, individuals with keratitis sicca, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, ocular pemphigoid, and acute alkali burn all demonstrated progressively ...

The purpose of this paper is to review the possible role of polypharmacy in causing dry eye disease (DED), reflecting the complex interactions and complications associated with the use of multiple systemic and topical ocular medications. The pharmacological, physiological, anatomical, and histological mechanisms causing dry mouth differ little from those causing dry eye. Oral polypharmacy is th...

Forages comprise 35% to 70% of the dry matter (DM) in diets for lactating dairy cows. Variation in forage quality can impact DM intake, diet energy density, dietary grain and protein supplementation amounts, feed costs, lactation performance, and cow health. Forage quality is highly variable among and within forage types (NRC, 2001). Forage species, variety or hybrid, stage of maturity at harve...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness of cyclosporine 0.05% for dry eye after cataract surgery. METHODS Thirty-two newly diagnosed patients with dry eye syndrome 1 week after cataract surgery received a twice-daily treatment of cyclosporine 0.05% for one eye and normal saline 0.9% for the other. Disease severity was measured at 2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months by Schirmer test I (ST-I...

PURPOSE To investigate the applicability and efficacy of a new and simple method of quantification of the volume of tear meniscus, termed "strip meniscometry," in the diagnosis of the dry eye syndromes in a prospective controlled study. METHODS One hundred eyes of 50 patients with dry eye (19 males; 31 females) aged between 18 and 76 years (mean, 54.3 years), as well as 80 eyes of 40 normal s...

Results Autologous blood injection therapy has been shown to have a significant positive effect on both pain and joint function, with concomitant therapies not being demonstrated to be required in the management of tendinopathy. However, the majority of studies were representative of patients being treated for refractory epicondylitis with different procedure techniques being employed. No studi...