Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) derived from pathogen- or host-damaged cells triggers innate immune responses when exposed to cytoplasm. However, the machinery underlying the primary recognition of intracellular dsDNA is obscure. Here we show that the DNA damage sensor, meiotic recombination 11 homolog A (MRE11), serves as a cytosolic sensor for dsDNA. Cells with a mutation of MRE11 gene derived fr...

The mechanisms underlying the immune defense by trophoblasts against pathogens remain ill defined. We demonstrated that placental cell death was increased upon in vivo exposure to Listeria monocytogenes. The death of infected cells is an important host innate defense mechanism. Meanwhile, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) derived from intracellular bacteria or dsDNA viruses is emerging as a potent pa...

In this paper a new method based on artificial neural networks (ANN), is introduced for identifying pathogenic antibodies in Systemic Lupus Erythmatosus (SLE). dsDNA binding antibodies have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this autoimmune disease. In order to identify these dsDNA binding antibodies, the protein sequences of 42 dsDNA binding and 608 non-dsDNA binding antibodies were extrac...

We developed a potential immunostimulatory double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) delivery system by the binding of dsDNA to amino-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) to form MSN-NH2/dsDNA complexes. Serum stability, in vitro cytotoxicity, cell uptake, and type I interferon-α (IFN-α) induction of MSN-NH2/dsDNA complexes were evaluated. The results showed that MSN-NH2 nanoparticles had no cytot...

adult-onset still’s disease (aosd) is a rare systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. there is not currently any specific serological markers for aosd , and  diagnosis still relying on the exclusion of other likely diagnoses. yamaguchi’s criteria are used as a diagnostic criterion which contains negative serologic markers for other collagen vascular diseases including systemic lupus ...

The TREX1 gene encodes a potent DNA exonuclease, and mutations in TREX1 cause a spectrum of lupus-like autoimmune diseases. Most lupus patients develop autoantibodies to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), but the source of DNA antigen is unknown. The TREX1 D18N mutation causes a monogenic, cutaneous form of lupus called familial chilblain lupus, and the TREX1 D18N enzyme exhibits dysfunctional dsDNA-...

Nucleosome (NS)-reactive autoantibodies appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the mechanisms responsible for their production remain elusive. To study whether antibodies specific to NS are present prior to anti-double-stranded (ds) DNA antibodies in lupus mice, ELISA was carried out using the plates which had been confirmed to be coated with compar...

Sjogren's syndrome type B (SSB)/La antibody is an autoantibody generally observed in connective tissue diseases whereas double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) antibodies are the most characteristic autoantibodies found in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. The relationship of these autoantibodies remains unclear. The aim of the study was to determine the profile of antibody pro...

We investigated in Brazilian women with SLE the prevalence and levels of high avidity (HA) dsDNA antibodies and tested their correlation with lupus activity and biomarkers of renal disease. We also compared these correlations to those observed with total dsDNA antibodies and antibodies against nucleosome (ANuA). Autoantibodies were detected by ELISA, while C3 and C4 levels were determined by ne...