The pentalogy of Cantrell, a rare syndrome, consists of the defects in the anterior diaphragm, diaphragmatic pericardium, lower sternum and supraumbilical abdominal wall, along with congenital cardiac abnormalities. Till date, only few patients with full spectrum of this syndrome have been reported with only 2 cases showing associated exencephaly and spinal dysraphism. We report extremely rare ...

A case of dicephalus, Arnold-Chiari malformation, spinal dysraphism and other associated defects was described in a newborn Holstein calf. The heads were medially and caudally joined with temporal bones and one common flattened occipital bone respectively. Cranial cavities became narrow dorsoventrally and included elongation of the compressed brains, and caudal displacement and hypoplasia of ce...

Introduction: Spina bifida is a congenital malformation involving the vertebral spine with different presentations ranging from occult defects to large cutaneous exposing tissue and nerves.
 Case report: Here we describe patient who had open spina exposure of nerve roots, which seemed be functional on physical examination. A few days after surgery for closure lumbosacral defect, presented ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical and economic consequences of different diagnostic strategies in newborns with suspected occult spinal dysraphism. METHODS A decision-analytic model was constructed to project the cost and health outcomes of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound (US), plain radiographs, and no imaging in newborns with suspected occult spinal dysraphism. Morbidity and mor...

To cite: Vasileiadis GT. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2015211618 DESCRIPTION Neural tissue and skin are of common ectodermal origin and therefore anomalies occurring during early embryogenesis may lead to combined neuroskin malformations. Neural tube closure occurs during primary neurulation starting from the equivalent of the craniocervical jun...

Spina bifida occulta is one form of spinal dysraphism, a term used to refer to imcomplete formation of the midline structure of the dorsum. It is therefore related to all the other forms of spina bifida which have been described under different names, spina bifida aperta or cystica. The basic differences between spina bifida cystica and spinal bifida occulta result from the nature of their orig...

Received: 19. 10. 2006. Accepted: 20. 11. 2006. Congenital abnormality, an occult spinal dysraphism �ith spinal lipoma, is a rare dysraphic spinal abnormality. The syndrome, treatments, outcomes, and current controversies are revie�ed. Occult spinal dysraphism usually is usually manifested �ithout clinical changes, either neurological or local changes. Local cutaneous changes associated �ith oc...

OBJECTIVE Spinal dysraphism defects span wide spectrum. Wound dehiscence is a common postoperative complication, and is a challenge in the current management of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks and wound healing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the risks of CSF-related morbidity in the surgical treatment of spinal dysraphism. METHODS Ten patients with spinal dysraphism were included i...