BACKGROUND The placenta is an essential organ that provides nutrients and oxygen to the developing fetus and removes toxic waste products from the fetal circulation. Maintaining placental blood osmotic pressure and blood flow is crucial for viable offspring. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the placenta is a key player in the regulation of maternal-fetal blood flow during pregnancy. Theref...

The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a widely used model for the study of angiogenesis, tumour growth, as well as drug efficacy. In spite of this, little is known about the developmental alteration from its appearance to the time of hatching. In the current study the CAM has been studied by classical stereology and allometry. Expression levels of selected angiogenesis-related molecules w...

PURPOSE Opaque chick corneas become thin and transparent from embryonic day (E)9 to E20 of incubation. Thyroxine (T4) injected in ovo on E9 induces precocious transparency by E12. The present study was conducted to determine whether corneal cells differentially express genes for T4 regulation, keratan sulfate proteoglycan (KSPG) synthesis, crystallins, and endothelial cell ion transporters duri...

OBJECTIVES Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays an important role in cortical development during the fetal stages. Embryonic CSF (E-CSF) consists of numerous neurotrophic and growth factors that regulate neurogenesis, differentiation, and proliferation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multi-potential stem cells that can differentiate into mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal cells, including neural cel...

The present study tests the hypothesis that a critical window for cortical development coincides with the period of neural stem cell proliferation (during the first 6 weeks of gestation), specifically, gastrulation (on embryonic day [E] 19 and E20). Pregnant female macaques were exposed to ethanol 1 day/week for 6 or 24 weeks such that it included E19 or E20 or a time before or after the time o...

Diversity of smooth muscle within the vascular system is generated by alternative splicing of exons, yet there is limited understanding of its timing or control mechanisms. We examined splicing of myosin phosphatase regulatory subunit (Mypt1) exon 24 (E24) in relation to smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (Smmhc) and smoothelin (Smtn) alternative exons (Smmhc E6 and Smtn E20) during maturation of...

Equal channel angular pressing results in ultrafine-grained (approximately 200-500 nm) Ti with superior mechanical properties without harmful alloying elements, which benefits medical implants. To further improve the bioactivity of Ti surfaces, Ca/P-containing porous titania coatings were prepared on ultrafine-grained and coarse-grained Ti by micro-arc oxidation (MAO). The phase identification,...

Bài báo trình bày kết quả nghiên cứu chuyển đổi động cơ diesel một xy lanh nguyên thủy thành HCCI khi sử dụng nhiên liệu xăng sinh học E20. Nhóm đã tiến hành phân tích để đưa ra giải pháp lại toàn bộ hệ thống cung cấp từ vòi phun trực tiếp vào buồng đốt E20 trên đường ống nạp. Đồng thời lựa chọn thay tỉ số nén của cho phù hợp với chạy theo lý và phục vụ các trong tương lai. Thí nghiệm được dựa ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility transesterifying waste oils using alcohol and a catalyst provide sustainable fuel alternative. To ensure that resulting biodiesel met American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) criteria, we studied its most important parameters diesel‐ ethanol-waste oil cooking plastics blends. We were able separate out three unique mixtures: BF0 (...