echocardiography is considered the primary diagnostic tool for congenital heart diseases. the pediatric echocardiography diagnostic errors, consisting of false positive or discrepant diagnoses, picked up within a 2.5-year period in our pediatric echocardiography laboratory are presented herein. in this case report, the factors contributing to the diagnostic errors are categorized as cognitive s...

background: one of the most important heart diseases in dogs is valvular insufficiency, which can be evaluated by diagnosis ways such as phonocardiography, echocardiography, etc. objective: the purpose of the current study was to evaluate of valvular insufficiencies with phonocardiography and echocardiography and using phonocardiography technique in detection of cardiac valvular disease in prac...

conclusions patients faced with isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia should be monitored by echocardiography because of this disease’s possible progressive trend to life-threatening consequences. introduction isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia is an unusual type of cardiomyopathy that presents with different clinical manifestations according to the age of the disease, ranging fr...

background: patients suffering from major beta thalassemia need frequent blood transfusions and, if not treated well, would be at risk of heart dysfunction. this study was performed to determine the diagnostic value of electrocardiography versus echocardiography in measuring the left ventricular mass index in these patients. methods: between july 2010 and june 2011, 82 asymptomatic patients ove...

introduction: hypertrophied tonsils and adenoids may cause upper airway obstruction and cardio-pulmonary complications due to pulmonary arterial hypertension. the aim of this study was to determine the correlation between mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mpap) and selected adenotonsilar hypertrophy indexes. materials and methods: thirty two patients with upper-airway obstruction resulting from...

introduction left atrial thrombi are present in one third of patients with severe rheumatic mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation. a left atrial mass can be diagnosed as a thrombus by transthoracic echocardiography in the presence of the predisposing factors for a thrombus such as mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation. the sensitivity of transthoracic echocardiography for detecting left atr...